rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_5be6160e-4b1d-5aca-90a8-4262d27597c0">Medications for the treatment of MAFLD/NASH
Role of SGLT2 inhibitors
Role of GLP1 receptor agonists
Conclusions
References
14 Cardiovascular Consequences
Introduction
Epidemiology
Risk associations in people with the prevalent disease – obesity paradox or confounding?
Genetics of obesity and cardiovascular outcomes
Mechanisms
Interventions: weight loss benefits in CV medicine
Timing of weight loss benefits on metabolic versus ASCVD outcomes
Summary
References
15 Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Sleep‐disordered breathing
Sleep‐disordered breathing: epidemiology
Sleep‐disordered breathing: clinical aspects
Sleep disordered breathing: treatment
Conclusion
References
16 Obesity and Cancer
General mechanisms linking obesity and cancer
Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Stomach cancer
Liver cancer
Esophageal cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Ovarian cancer
Intentional weight loss
Early life risk factors for cancer
Dietary characteristics
Comprehensive integration of the evidence‐base
Disclosure
References
11 4 Management of Adult Obesity 17 A Practical Approach to Contemporary Obesity Management Introduction Obesity Weight loss Weight control in the age of SARs‐CoV‐2 coronavirus (COVID‐19) Aims of obesity treatment Current obesity treatment options Where should these interventions be available/delivered? Summary Appendix A References 18 Dietary Management of Obesity Dietary treatment of obesity Energy deficit Energy density Low‐fat diets Plant‐based diets Mediterranean diets Low energy diets Partial meal replacement therapy Low carbohydrate or higher protein diets Ketogenic diets Very low energy (calorie) diets (VLEDs) Intermittent energy restriction The less restrictive dieting approach Ultra‐processed food Sugar sweetened beverages Basic principles Nutrition in practice Portion sizes and eating frequency Maintenance and/or success Clinical guidelines Conclusion References 19 The Behavioral Treatment of Obesity Behavioral treatment Components of behavioral treatment Dietary options for weight loss Physical activity Structure of behavioral treatment Short‐ and long‐term weight losses
