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Howard Markel, "The Principles and Practice of Medicine: How a Textbook, a Former Baptist Minister, and an Oil Tycoon Shaped the Modern American Medical and Public Health Industrial–Research Complex," Journal of the American Medical Association 299, no. 10 (2008): 1199–201; Ron Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller (New York: Random House, 1998), 470–79.
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René Dubos, The Professor, the Institute and DNA (New York: Rockefeller University Press, 1976), 10, 161–79.
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Robert D. Grove and Alice M. Hetzel, Vital Statistics in the United States, 1940–1960, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1968), 92.
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Frederick Griffith, "The Significance of Pneumococcal Types," Journal of Hygiene 27, no. 2 (1928): 113–59.
59
M. H. Dawson, "The transformation of pneumococcal types. I. The Conversion of R forms of Pneumococcus into S forms of the homologous type," Journal of Experimental Medicine 51, no. 1 (1930): 99–122; M. H. Dawson, "The Transformation of Pneumococcal Types. II. The interconvertibility of type-specific S pneumococci," Journal of Experimental Medicine 51, no. 1 (1930): 123–47; M. H. Dawson and R. H. Sia, "In vitro transformation of Pneumococcal types. I. A technique for inducing transformation of Pneumococcal types in vitro," Journal of Experimental Medicine 54, no. 5 (1931): 681–99; M. H. Dawson and R. H. Sia, "In vitro transformation of Pneumococcal types. II. The nature of the factor responsible for the transformation of Pneumococcal types," Journal of Experimental Medicine 54, no. 5 (1931): 701–10; J. L. Alloway, "The transformation in vitro of R Pneumococci into S forms of different specific types by the use of filtered Pneumococcus extracts," Journal of Experimental Medicine 55 No. 1 (1932): 91–99; J. L. Alloway, "Further observations on the use of Pneumococcus extracts in effecting transformation of type in vitro," Journal of Experimental Medicine 57, no. 2 (1933): 265–78.
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Эвери выдвигали на Нобелевскую премию тринадцать раз: в 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1942, 1945, 1946, 1947 и 1948 гг., но безрезультатно. См.: "List of Individuals Proposing Oswald Avery and others for the Nobel Prize (1932–1948)," Oswald Avery Collection, Profiles in Science, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/access/CCAAFV.pdf#xml=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov:443/pdfhighlight?uid=CCAAFV&query=%28Nobel%2C%20Avery%29.
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Dubos, The Professor, the Institute and DNA, 139.
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Dubos, The Professor, the Institute and DNA, 66; Matthew Cobb, "Oswald Avery, DNA, and the Transformation of Biology," Current Biology 24, no. 2 (2014): R55– R60; Maclyn McCarty, The Transforming Principle: Discovering that Genes Are Made of DNA (New York: Norton, 1985); Maclyn McCarty, "Discovering Genes are Made of DNA," Nature 421 (2003): 406; Horace Freeland Judson, "Reflections on the Historiography of Molecular Biology," Minerva 18, no. 3 (1980): 369–421; Alan Kay, "Oswald T. Avery," in Charles C. Gillespie, ed., Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 1 (New York: Scribner's, 1970); Charles L. Vigue, "Oswald Avery and DNA," American Biology Teacher 46, no. 4 (1984): 207–11; Nicholas Russell, "Oswald Avery and the Origin of Molecular Biology," British Journal for the History of Science 21, no. 4 (1988): 393–400; M. F. Perutz, "Co-Chairman's Remarks: Before the Double Helix," Gene 135 (1993): 9–13.
63
Это письмо цитирует Рене Дюбо в книге: René Dubos, The Professor, the Institute and DNA, 217–20. Оригинал письма Освальда Эвери к Рою Эвери, датированного 26 мая 1943 г., находится в материалах Освальда Эвери в Библиотеке и архиве шт. Теннесси (Нэшвилл), а также доступен онлайн: Oswald Avery Collection, Profiles in Science, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/retrieve/ResourceMetadata/CCBDBF.
64
O. T. Avery, C. M. Macleod, and M. McCarty, "Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types: Induction of transformation by a desoxyribonucleic acid fraction isolated from Pneumococcus Type II," Journal of Experimental Medicine 79, no. 2 (1944): 137–58.
65
M. McCarty and O. T. Avery, "Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types. II. Effect of desoxyribosenucleic on the biological activity of the transforming substance," Journal of Experimental Medicine 83, no. 2 (1946): 89–96; M. McCarty and O. T. Avery, "Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types. III. An improved method for the isolation of the transforming substance and its application to Рneumococcus types II, III, and VI," Journal of Experimental Medicine 83, no. 2 (1946): 97–104.
66
Cobb, "Oswald Avery, DNA, and the Transformation of Biology"; "List of Those Attending or Participating in the [Cold Spring Harbor on Heredity and Variation in Microorganisms] Symposium for 1946, материалы Освальда Эвери в Библиотеке и архиве шт. Теннесси в Нэшвилле (Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville).
67
H. V. Wyatt, "When Does Information Become Knowledge?," Nature 235 (1972): 86–89; Gunther S. Stent, "Prematurity and Uniqueness in Scientific Discovery," Scientific American 227, no. 6 (1972): 84–93.
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