обычно объединяемые им, говорят на романи или являются “рома” по самообозначению.
2
Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade, 186–206; Bruce Masters. The Origins of Western Economic Dominance in the Middle East: Mercantilism and the Islamic Economy in Aleppo, 1600–1750. New York: New York University Press, 1988, 82–89; John A. Armstrong. Mobilized and Proletarian Diasporas // American Political Science Review 70, № 2 (June 1976): 400; John A. Armstrong. Nations before Nationalism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982, 210.
3
Ernest Gellner. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983, 102; Dominique Casajus. Crafts and Ceremonies: The Inadan in Tuareg Society, in Rao, The Other Nomads, 291–310; William Lancaster and Fidelity Lancaster. The Function of Peripatetics in Rwala Bedouin Society, in Rao, The Other Nomads, 311–322; Hagop Barsoumian. Economic Role of the Armenian Amira Class in the Ottoman Empire // Armenian Review, 31 (March 1979): 310–316; Hillel Levine. Economic Origins of Antisemitism: Poland and Its Jews in the Early Modern Period. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991, 59–73.
4
Edna Bonacich. А Theory of Middleman Minorities // American Sociological Review, 38, no. 5 (October 1973): 583–594; Paul Mark Axelrod. А Social and Demographic Comparison of Parsis, Saraswat Brahmins and Jains in Bombay. Ph. D. diss., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1974, 26–39, 60; Charles A. Jones. International Business in the Nineteenth Century: The Rise and Fall of a Cosmopolitan Bourgeoisie. Brighton: Wheatsheaf, 1987, esp. 50 and 81–84; T. M. Luhrmann. The Good Parsi: The Fate of a Colonial Elite in a Postcolonial Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996, 78–91; D. Stanley Eitzen. Two Minorities: The Jews of Poland and the Chinese of the Philippines // Jewish Journal of Sociology 10, № 2 (December 1968): 221–240; Daniel Chirot and Anthony Reid, eds. Essential Outsiders: Chinese and Jews in the Modern Transformation of Southeast Asia and Central Europe. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997, см. в особенности предисловие редакторов; Joel Kotkin. Tribes: How Race, Religion, and Identity Determine Success in the New Global Economy. New York: Random House, 1993, 170–180; Thomas Sowell. Migrations and Cultures: A World View. New York: Basic Books, 1996; Edgar Wickberg. Localism and the Organization of Overseas Migration in the Nineteenth Century, in Gary G. Hamilton. Cosmopolitan Capitalists. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999, 35–55; Yuan-li Wu and Chun-hsi Wu. Economic Development in Southeast Asia: The Chinese Dimension. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1980; Linda Y. C. Lim and L. A. Peter Gosling, eds. The Chinese in Southeast Asia, vols. 1 and 2. Singapore: Maruzen Asia, 1983; Lynn Pan. Sons of the Yellow Emperor: A History of the Chinese Diaspora. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1990, 23–152; Agehananda Bharati. The Asians in East Africa: Jayhind and Ururu. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1972, 11–22, 36, 42–116; Pierre L. van den Berghe. The Ethnic Phenomenon. New York: Praeger, 1987, 135–156; Dana April Seidenberg. Mercantile Adventurers: The World of East African Asians, 1750–1985. New Delhi: New Age International, 1996; Albert Hourani and Nadim Shehadi, eds. The Lebanese in the World: A Century of Emigration. London: Center for Lebanese Studies, 1992; William K. Crowley. The Levantine Arabs: Diaspora in a New World // Proceedings of the Association of American Geographers 6 (1974): 137–142; R. Bayly Winder. The Lebanese in West Africa // Comparative Studies in Society and History 4 (1961–1962): 296–333; H. L. van der Laan. The Lebanese Traders in Sierra Leone. The Hague: Mouton, 1975.
5
Norman O. Brown. Hermes the Thief: The Evolution of a Myth. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1947; Marcel Detienne and Jean-Pierre Vernant, Cunning Intelligence in Greek Culture and Society. Hassocks, Sussex: Harvester Press, 1978; Laurence Kahn. Hèrmus passe ou les ambiguités de la communication. Paris: François Maspero, 1978; W. B. Stanford. The Ulysses Theme: A Study in Adaptability of a Traditional Hero. Dallas: Spring Publications, 1992.
6
George Gmelch and Sharon Bohn Gmelch. Commercial Nomadism: Occupation and Mobility among Travellers in England and Wales, in Rao, The Other Nomads, 134; Matt T. Salo. The Gypsy Niche in North America: Some Ecological Perspectives on the Exploitation of Social Environments, Rao, The Other Nomads, 94; Judith Okely. The Traveller-Gypsies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, 58–60; Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade, 70; Clifford Geertz. Peddlers and Princes: Social Change and Economic Modernization in Two Indonesian Towns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963, 43–44; Mark Zborowski and Elizabeth Herzog. eds. Life Is with People: The Culture of the Shtetl. New York: Schocken Books, 1952, 62; Armstrong, Nations before Nationalism, 42; Daniel J. Elazar. The Jewish People as the Classic Diaspora, in Gabriel Sheffer, ed. Modern Diasporas in International Politics. London: Croom Helm, 1986, 215.
7
Brian L. Foster. Ethnicity and Commerce // American Ethnologist 1, № 3 (August 1974): 441. See also Cristina Blanc Szanton. Thai and Sino-Thai in Small Town Thailand: Changing Patterns of Interethnic relations, in Lim and Gosling, eds., The Chinese in Southeast Asia 2: 99–125.
8
Benjamin Nelson. The Idea of Usury: From Tribal Brotherhood to Universal Otherhood. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969; Max Weber. Ancient Judaism. Glencoe, 111: Free Press, 1952: 338–345; Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade, 5–6; Alejandro Portes. Economic Sociology and the Sociology of Immigration: A Conceptual Overview, in Alejandro Portes, ed. The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1995, 14; L. A. Peter Gosling. Changing Chinese Identities in Southeast Asia: An Introductory Review, in Lim and Gosling, The Chinese in Southeast Asia 2: 4. Очень хорошее обсуждение, включающее две приведенные выше цитаты (и многие другие), содержится в работе Mark Granovetter. The Economic Sociology of Firms and Entrepreneurs, in Portes, The Economic Sociology of Immigration.
9
Donald L. Horowitz. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1985, 119; Casajus, Crafts and Ceremonies, 303; de Vos and Wagatsuma, Japan’s Invisible Race, 231; Werner Sombart. The Jews and Modern Capitalism. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1913, 138; Gmelch, Groups That Don’t Want In, 322–323.
10
Joseph C. Berland, Kanjar Social Organization, in Rao, The Other Nomads, 253; Gmelch, “Groups That Don’t Want In”, 320–321; Anne Sutherland. The Body as a Social Symbol among the Rom, in John Blacking, ed. The Anthropology of the Body. London: Academic Press, 1977, 376.
11
Тайна Израиля: “Еврейский вопрос” в русской религиозной мысли конца
