and External Leadership. The Gypsy-Roma of Poland, in Rao, The Other Nomads, 332–334.
35
Bharati, The Asians in East Africa, 42, 149; van den Berghe, The Ethnic Phenomenon, 147–153.
36
Van der Laan, The Lebanese Traders, 228–230, 241–244. Цитата взята со с. 229.
37
Ivan Н. Light. Ethnie Enterprise in America: Business and Welfare among Chinese, Japanese, and Blacks. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1972, 45–61, 81–100; Linda Y. C. Lim. Chinese Economic Activity in Southeast Asia: An Introductory Review” in Lim and Gosling, The Chinese in Southeast Asia, 1: 5; Eitzen, Two Minorities, 230; Pan, Sons of the Yellow Emperor, 111–127.
38
Granovetter, The Economic Sociology, 143; see also Bonacich, A Theory of Middleman Minorities, 586–587; and van den Berghe, The Ethnic Phenomenon, 139–144.
39
Цитируется в: Albert S. Lindemann. Esau’s Tears: Modern Anti-Semitism and the Rise of the Jews. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, 5.
40
Luhrmann, The Good Parsi, 50.
41
Berland, Kanjar Social Organization, 249; Gmelch, Groups That Don’t Want In, 314; Maurice Samuel. The World of Sholom Aleichem. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1943)], 131.
42
Detienne and Vernant, Cunning Intelligence, 47–48.
43
Berland, Kanjar Social Organization, 249.
44
Gmelch, Groups That Don’t Want In, 314.
45
Jacob Katz. Out of the Ghetto: The Social Background of Jewish Emancipation, 1770–1870. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973, 22.
46
Сравни: Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, 103–109; Kotkin, Tribes, passim.
47
Luhrmann, The Good Parsi, 91–95, 119; Jamsheed K. Choksy, Evil, Good, and Gender: Facets of the Feminine in Zoroastrian Religious History. New York: Peter Lang, 2002, 109.
48
Dario A. Euraque. The Arab-Jewish Economic Presence in San Pedro Sula, the Industrial Capital of Honduras: Formative Years, 1880s–1930s”, in Ignacio Klich and Jeffrey Lesser, eds. Arab and Jewish Immigrants in Latin America: Images and Realities. London: Frank Cass, 1998, 95, 109; Clark S. Knowlton. The Social and Spatial Mobility of the Syrian and Lebanese Community in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in Hourani and Shehadi, The Lebanese in the World, 292–293, 302–303; David Nicholls. Lebanese of the Antilles: Haiti, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, and Trinidad, in Hourani and Shehadi, The Lebanese in the World, 339–360; Crowley, The Levantine Arabs, 139; Nancie L. Gonzalez. Dollar, Dove, and Eagle: One Hundred Years of Palestinian Migration to Honduras. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992, 93–100; Amy Chua. World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability. New York: Doubleday, 2003, 116, 149–150.
49
David Himbara. Kenyan Capitalists, the State, and Development. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994, 45; Kotkin, Tribes, 103, 205–209, 229; Sowell, Migrations and Cultures, 310–311, 344; Chua, World on Fire, 113, 157–158.
50
Chua, World on Fire, 3, 36–37, 43, 34–35; Bambang Harymurti, Challenges of Change in Indonesia // Journal of Democracy 10, № 4 (1999): 9–10; Kotkin, Tribes, 165–200; Sowell, Migrations and Cultures, 175–176.
51
См., к примеру: Robert E. Kennedy, Jr. The Protestant Ethic and the Parsis // American Journal of Sociology 68, № 1 (July 1962): 11–20; Balwant Nevaskar. Capitalists without Capitalism: The Jains of India and the Quakers of the West. Westport, Conn: Greenwood, 1971; Peter L. Berger and Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, eds. In Search of an East Asian Development Mode! New Brunswick, N. J.: Transaction Books, 1988; S. Gordon Redding. Weak Organizations and Strong Linkages: Managerial Ideology and Chinese Family Business Networks, in Gary G. Hamilton, ed. Asian Business Networks. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996, 27–42; Robert N. Bellah. Tokugawa Religion: The Cultural Roots of Modern Japan; Sombart, The Jews and Modern Capitalism. New York: Free Press, 1985. Макс Вебер пытается доказать, что только христиане-протестанты могли создать современный капитализм, но при этом, очевидно, исходит из того, что, будучи созданным, капитализм находит некоторые религии (включая и приведенные в нашем списке) более подходящими, чем другие. См. его Sociology of Religion, гл. XV–XVI, и в особенности Ancient Judaism.
52
Sowell, Migrations and Cultures, 19, 375. Косвенные предположения того же рода см. в Bonacich, “A Theory of Middleman Minorities”, 588; Gonzalez, Dollar, Dove, and Eagle, 81–92; Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade, passim.
53
См. в особенности: Wong-Siu-lun, Chinese Entrepreneurs and Business Trust; S. Gordon Redding, Weak Organizations and Strong Linkages: Managerial Ideology and Chinese Family Business Networks; and Gary G. Hamilton. The Organizational Foundations of Western and Chinese Commerce: A Historical and Comparative Analysis, and The Theoretical Significance of Asian Business Networks, in Gary G. Hamilton, ed. Asian Business Networks. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996, 13–26, 27–42, 43–58 and 283–298; Davis, Social Relations in a Philippine Market, 199–200; Granovetter, The Economic Sociology, 143–146; van den Berghe, The Ethnic Phenomenon, 140–143.
54
Francis
