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2.5 Aegle Species
2.5.1 Ethnopharmacological Properties and Phytochemistry
Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa ex Roxb. (Fam. – Rutaceae) is considered as an important medicinal plant of India, Burma, and Ceylon (Srivastva et al. 1996). This plant species is used in a traditional system of medicine for the treatment of intermittent fever, intestinal ailments, and fertility control, taken as stimulant after childbirth by tribal women (Basu and Sen 1974). The ethanolic extract of this plant species is used in treatment of ulcers, abscess, backache, vomiting, cuts, weakness of heart, acute bronchitis, blood sugars, diarrhea, and dropsy (George et al. 2003). The leaf and flower juice are considered as laxative, hair and stomach tonic, and asthmatic, sometimes mixed with mustard oil to cure cold, cough, and other respiratory ailments (Rahman et al. 1986). The fruits are used in diarrhea, dysentery, gastric troubles, constipation, ulcer, intestinal parasites, gonorrhea, and epilepsy and as laxative, digestive tonic, and brain and heart tonic (Ohashi et al. 1995). The unripe fruit powder can be taken as medicine to kill Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides (Dutta et al. 2014). The leaves, roots, seed, bark, and fruits of this plant contain a large number of compounds possess anti-microfilarial, antipyretic, hypoglycemic, wound healing, insecticidal (Nugroho et al. 2013; Neeraj et al. 2017), and antidiarrhoeal properties against castor oil-induced models (Vrushabendra et al. 2007). The hydroalcoholic extract of leaves demonstrated antitumor effects against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (Jagetia et al. 2003), leukemic K562, T-lymphoid jorhat,
