Trade‐offs
7.4 Life histories and habitats
7.5 The size and number of offspring
7.6 Classifying life history strategies
7.7 Phylogenetic and allometric constraints
14 Chapter 8: Interspecific Competition 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Some examples of interspecific competition 8.3 Some general features of interspecific competition – and some warnings 8.4 The Lotka–Volterra model of interspecific competition 8.5 Consumer‐resource models of competition 8.6 Models of niche overlap 8.7 Heterogeneity, colonisation and pre‐emptive competition 8.8 Apparent competition: enemy‐free space 8.9 Ecological effects of interspecific competition: experimental approaches 8.10 Evolutionary effects of interspecific competition
15 Chapter 9: The Nature of Predation 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Foraging: widths and compositions of diets 9.3 Plants’ defensive responses to herbivory 9.4 Effects of herbivory and plants’ tolerance of those effects 9.5 Animal defences 9.6 The effect of predation on prey populations
16 Chapter 10: The Population Dynamics of Predation 10.1 The underlying dynamics of consumer‐resource systems: a tendency towards cycles 10.2 Patterns of consumption: functional responses and interference 10.3 The population dynamics of interference, functional responses and intimidation: equations and isoclines 10.4 Foraging in a patchy environment 10.5 The population dynamics of heterogeneity, aggregation and spatial variation 10.6 Beyond predator–prey
17 Chapter 11: Decomposers and Detritivores 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The organisms 11.3 Detritivore–resource interactions
18 Chapter 12: Parasitism and Disease 12.1 Introduction: parasites, pathogens, infection and disease 12.2 The diversity of parasites 12.3 Hosts as habitats 12.4 Coevolution of parasites and their hosts 12.5 The transmission of parasites amongst hosts 12.6 The effects of parasites on the survivorship, growth and fecundity of hosts 12.7 The population dynamics of infection 12.8 Parasites and the population dynamics of hosts
19 Chapter 13: Facilitation: Mutualism and Commensalism 13.1 Introduction: facilitation, mutualists and commensals 13.2 Commensalisms 13.3 Mutualistic protectors – a behavioural association 13.4 Farming mutualisms 13.5 Dispersal of seeds and pollen 13.6 Mutualisms involving gut inhabitants 13.7 Mutualism within animal cells: insect bacteriocyte symbioses 13.8 Photosynthetic symbionts within aquatic invertebrates 13.9 Mutualisms involving higher plants and fungi 13.10 Fungi with algae: the lichens 13.11 Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen in mutualistic plants 13.12 Models of mutualisms
20 Chapter 14: Abundance 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Fluctuation or stability? 14.3 The demographic approach 14.4 The mechanistic approach 14.5 The time series approach 14.6 Population cycles and their analysis 14.7 Multiple equilibria: alternative stable states
21 Chapter 15: Pest Control, Harvesting and Conservation 15.1 Managing abundance 15.2 The management of pests 15.3 Harvest management 15.4 Conservation ecology
22 Chapter 16: Community Modules and the Structure of Ecological Communities
