The Early Foucault. Stuart Elden
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An earlier version of parts of Chapter 4 appeared as ‘Foucault as Translator of Binswanger and von Weizsäcker’ in Theory, Culture and Society. The material is reused with Sage’s permission.
Abbreviations and Archival References
Key texts are referred to by abbreviations. For books translated as a single book the French page number is given first, followed by the English after a slash. With GK and D&E the German is first, followed by the French, and, for D&E, also the English.
English titles are used for work available in translation; French for untranslated works or unpublished manuscripts, though a translation of the title is provided the first time mentioned. I have frequently modified existing translations.
With the different editions of the History of Madness, I have usually made reference to the 1972 French edition and the 2005 translation (HM), unless there is a textual issue at stake.
Texts by Foucault and others
APPVImmanuel Kant, Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 2000; Anthropologie du point de vue pragmatique and Introduction à l’Anthropologie, trans. Michel Foucault, Paris: Vrin, 2009; Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View, trans. Robert B. Louden, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. References are to Akademie Ausgabe pagination, found in the margins of all editions.CDaniel Defert, ‘Chronologie’, DE I, 13–64; trans. Timothy O’Leary in Christopher Falzon, Timothy O’Leary and Jana Sawicki (eds) A Companion to Foucault, Oxford: Blackwell, 2013, 11–83. Defert’s shorter revised chronology appears in Œuvres.CHPhilippe Artières, Jean-François Bert, Frédéric Gros and Judith Revel (eds), Michel Foucault: Cahier L’Herne, Paris: L’Herne, 2011.DEDits et écrits 1954–1988, eds Daniel Defert and François Ewald, Paris: Gallimard, 4 vols, 1994 – with text number to allow reference to the two editions of this text and bibliographies of English translations.1 Thus ‘DE#1 I, 65–119’ means text 1, in vol. I, 65–119.D&ELudwig Binswanger, Traum und Existenz, Bern-Berlin: Gachnang and Springer, 1992; Le Rêve et l’existence, trans. Jacqueline Verdeaux, Introduction and Notes by Michel Foucault, Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1954; trans. Jacob Needleman in Dream and Existence, ed. Keith Hoeller, Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1993, 81–105.DIE‘Dream, Imagination and Existence’, trans. Forrest Williams, in Dream and Existence, ed. Keith Hoeller, Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1993, 29–78.DLRaymond Roussel, Paris: Gallimard, 1963; Death and the Labyrinth: The World of Raymond Roussel, trans. Charles Ruas, London: Continuum, 2004 [1986].ERoger-Pol Droit, Michel Foucault, Entretiens, Odile Jacob, Paris, 2004.EWEssential Works, eds Paul Rabinow and James Faubion, trans. Robert Hurley and others, London: Penguin, 3 vols, 1997–2000.FD1Folie et déraison: Histoire de la folie à l’âge classique, Paris: Plon, 1961. Reprinted in 1964 by Plon; abridged in 1964 as FD2.FD2Folie et déraison: Histoire de la folie à l’âge classique, Paris: UGE, 1964 (abridged edition of FD1); Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason, trans. Richard Howard, London: Routledge, 1989 [1965].FLFoucault Live: Interviews 1961–1984, ed. Sylvère Lotringer, New York: Semiotext[e], 1996.FMFoucault à Münsterlingen: À l’origine de l’Histoire de la folie, eds Jean-François Bert and Elisabetta Basso, Paris: EHESS, 2015.FMT‘Foucault: Matérialité d’un travail. Entretien avec Daniel Defert par Alain Brossat, avec le concours de Philippe Chevallier’, in Orazio Irrera and Salvo Vaccaro (eds), La Pensée politique de Foucault, Paris: Kimé, 2017, 215–36; ‘Foucault: The Materiality of a Working Life – An Interview with Daniel Defert by Alain Brossat, assisted by Philippe Chevallier’, trans. Colin Gordon, Foucault Studies 21, 2016, 214–30.GAMartin Heidegger, Gesamtausgabe, Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 1975ff.GKViktor von Weizsäcker, Der Gestaltkreis: Theorie der Einheit von Wahrnehmen und Bewegen, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1973 [1940]; Le cycle de la structure, trans. Michel Foucault and Daniel Rocher, Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1958.HMHistoire de la folie à l’âge classique, Paris: Gallimard, 1972 (revised version of FD1 with new preface and two appendices; reissued in 1976 in Gallimard’s Tel series with same pagination but no appendices); History of Madness, trans. Jonathan Murphy and Jean Khalfa, London: Routledge, 2006.IKAImmanuel Kant, Anthropologie du point de vue pragmatique and Michel Foucault, Introduction à l’Anthropologie, Paris: Vrin, 2009; Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology, trans. Roberto Nigro and Kate Briggs, Semiotext(e), 2009.KSAFriedrich Nietzsche, Sämtliche Werke: Kritische Studienausgabe, eds Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari, Berlin: de Gruyter, 15 vols, 1980.LMDLa Grande Étrangère: À propos de littérature, eds Philippe Artières, Jean-François Bert, Mathieu Potte-Bonneville and Judith Revel, Paris: EHESS, 2013; Language, Madness, Desire, trans. Robert Bonnano, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2015.MMPeMaladie mentale et personnalité, Paris: PUF, 1954.MMPsMaladie mentale et psychologie, Paris: PUF, 1962 (extensively revised version of MMPe); Mental Illness and Psychology, trans. Alan Sheridan, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987 [1976].ŒŒuvres, Bibliothèque de la Pléiade, ed. Frédéric Gros, Paris: Gallimard, 2 vols., 2015.ODL’Ordre du discours, Paris: Gallimard, 1970; ‘The Order of Discourse’, trans. Thomas Scott-Railton in Nancy Luxon (ed.) Archives of Infamy: Foucault on State Power in the Lives of Ordinary Citizens, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019, 141–73.PPCPolitics, Philosophy, Culture: Interviews and Other Writings 1977–84, ed. Lawrence D. Kritzman, London: Routledge, 1990.SBDLe Beau Danger: Entretien avec Claude Bonnefoy, Paris: EHESS, 2011; Speech Begins after Death: In Conversation with Claude Bonnefoy, trans. Robert Bonnano, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.SKPSpace, Knowledge and Power: Foucault and Geography, eds Jeremy W. Crampton and Stuart Elden, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007.SPPhilippe Artières and Jean-François Bert, Un Succès philosophique: L’Histoire de la folie à l’âge classique de Michel Foucault, Caen: Presses universitaires de Caen, 2011.TSLuther H. Martin, Huck Gutman and Patrick H. Hutton (eds), Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault, London: Tavistock, 1988.
Archival material
BEINMichel Foucault Library of Presentation Copies, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale UniversityBNFFonds Michel Foucault, Archives et Manuscrits, Bibliothèque Nationale de FranceCAPHÉSFonds Georges Canguilhem and Fonds Gérard Simon, Centre d’Archives en Philosophie, Histoire et Édition des Sciences, École Normale SupérieureDMZFonds Georges Dumézil, Collège de FranceHYPFonds Jean Hyppolite, Bibliothèque Lettres Ulm, École Normale SupérieureIMECFonds Centre Michel Foucault, Fonds Louis Althusser, Fonds Jacques Derrida and Fonds La Table Ronde, L’Institut Mémoires de l’édition contemporaine, l’abbaye d’Ardenne, CaenNC 1874Alliance Française d’Upsal (Franska Alliansen, Uppsala), Uppsala University special collections, Carolina Rediviva Library StATG Archiv Roland Kuhn, Staatsarchiv des Kantons Thurgau, FrauenfeldStAHbgArchiv Institut Français de Hambourg, Staatsarchiv HamburgUATArchiv Ludwig Binswanger, Universitätsarchiv Tübingen
Note
Unpaginated manuscripts have a page number in brackets, with ‘r’ recto and ‘v’ verso used when needed. Given the nature of the materials, these are correct to the time consulted – material can be moved, reversed or misplaced.
1 1. Richard A. Lynch, ‘Michel Foucault’s Shorter Works in English’, in Christopher Falzon, Timothy O’Leary and Jana Sawicki (eds), A Companion to Foucault, Oxford: Blackwell, 2013, 562–92.
Introduction
In the late 1970s Foucault said to Jean-Pierre Barou: ‘when