the start is given, and since August 1990, one after another, the republics of the USSR declare their sovereignty. Regions of the Russian Federation are broadcasting considerably, much more independence: the Komi, Adygea, Buryatia, the Gorno-Altaisk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Chuvashia, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tatarstan, and other national entities. The Russian Federation is on the verge of transformation into a confederation (such is, unusually for us, a loose one).
Be that as it may, MS Gorbachev wants to preserve the USSR – and, of course, with his post of President. The Fourth Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR (December 24, 1990) proposes a new draft of the Union Treaty.
In the meantime, ethnic Latvians, Lithuanians, do not want to wait for any bureaucratic procedures, and go to mass (50 thousand people) rallies. Only the faithful of the OMON are opposed to them. The assimilated, or simply apathetic Russians, do not show any noticeable activity. Bulky tanks when it comes to confronting such a continuous front, are not sufficient, reliable help. A total of six or ten people die, Latvia and Lithuania formally remain in the jurisdiction of the USSR, but… this is already an obvious wormhole in the body of the colossal state.
Boris Yeltsin sharply criticizes Gorbachev for the actions of the military, and suggests transferring all power to the Federation Council (the heads of the union republics). Slack response of Mikhail Sergeyevich – organization March 17, 1991 All-Union referendum on the renewal and preservation of the USSR. Yes, most citizens of the Soviet Union (except for the Baltic countries, Georgia, Moldova, Armenia) are “for”; but when such things are generally put to the vote, it is clear that, in any case, the final is close.
June 12, 1991, 57% of the votes “for”, Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia.
His first steps, it should be noted, seem quite reasonable. So, these are decrees “On Priority Measures for the Development of Education in the RSFSR” and “On the Termination of the Activity of the Organizational Structures of Political Parties and Mass Public Movements in State Bodies, Institutions and Organizations of the RSFSR”. Now, recall, there and there, in the executive state apparatus (which, it seems, should be neutral) is dominated by clearly expressed representatives of a particular party.
On August 20, the signing of the “Treaty on the Union of Sovereign States” is scheduled. The Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan are expected to be updated beyond recognition of the USSR; Later, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine and Turkmenistan could join them.
Representatives of the original party elite disagree with this. They (and many, many very many citizens of the USSR) like the former, standard, fateful, early Brezhnev kind of the great Soviet Union. As is known, they organize the State Committee for the State of Emergency (State Emergency Committee), from August 18 to 21 seize power… television… But, fellow citizens, there are simply no bright, respected persons in the composition of this Committee. Leave at least one of them out of yourself, say a word about the great future and the past, repent of your mistakes, renounce sin (Stalin’s system of one-man rule) cry sobbingly – it would probably work. But these people are trying to save face, act in the style of the KGB, officially-formally-rude – and, of course, lose.
Gorbachev is trying to stay away from all this, but, despite this cautious policy, is losing the post of President of the USSR. A little later, he completely dropped out of the political struggle, declining for permanent residence abroad.
So, the signing of the Union Treaty breaks down. Formed by the Yeltsin CIS – the Union of Independent States, an absolutely pragmatic union of the eight former republics of the Soviet Union.
Yeltsin forms decrees on price liberalization, free trade, etc. Yes, this contributes to the filling of the consumer market with goods. But, the policy of the Central Bank, the Office with unknown beneficiaries, since 1990, a private, remaining and now a mystery to all publicists without exception, contributes to hyperinflation, a sharp decline in social payments, savings, and so on.
In 1993, the government of the Russian Federation, headed by Yeltsin, entered into a clinch with (blocking many presidential decrees) by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation. Recall that, sometime (May 1990), Boris Nikolayevich himself was the chairman of this supreme legislative body of the Russian Federation. At that time, people actively advocated the abolition of the Communist Party and (somehow it is mixed up) against the revival of the Soviet Union under the guidance of some unattractive gray persons from the security services. However, the Soviets, it is, ideally, the organ of the representation of the people themselves … something in common is quite another. So, although, the Bolshevik Soviets are too united (formally – since 1977), here the opinion of the people is divided almost fifty to fifty.
The conflict, as is known, is solved by the execution of the House of Soviets, 300 human victims, 3 or 4 burnt armored cars. Yeltsin wins. Activities of the Soviets of all levels are suspended. About this event, catastrophically fast, citizens of the Russian Federation forget.
…In June 1991, the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria was singled out of the Russian Federation. Mass genocide of all those inhabitants of the region who are not ethnic Chechens is unfolding. About 30 thousand people die.
Also, Chechens organize mass, literally, conveyor abductions of people in related areas of the Russian Federation – either by turning them into their home slaves, or by demanding a huge ransom payment.
All this in the media is not particularly advertised, but, for some unknown psychological channels, reaches the consciousness of the leaders of the Russian Federation. Yes, people all over the world should understand that crimes against the Russian people, sooner or later, even as if it is clumsy, and under other slogans, are severely suppressed.
On December 11, 1994, according to Yeltsin’s decree “On Measures to Restore Constitutional Legality and Law and Order in the Territory of the Chechen Republic”, federal forces will enter the territory of Chechnya. The territory of the republic is taken under control. Dying about 80 thousand people. Unfortunately, the action is not formalized, first of all, as the evacuation of the remaining (oppressed) non-Chechens, which leads to disorder in the minds of the residents of the Russian Federation, and to many foreign policy complications. In 1996, thanks to the conciliatory and conjunctural policy of the Russian leadership, Russian troops leave Chechnya. By itself, this republic, its population, of true Russia is completely alien, while preserving the state of things, Chechnya could get complete independence. As is known, the emphasis is not on social protection of the population, but on arms purchases, the aggression of Ichkeria into the adjacent subjects of the Russian Federation (Dagestan, etc.), terrorist attacks in the territory of the most central Russia, simply force the Kremlin to conduct a second military campaign (1999)…
Under Yeltsin, this undoubtedly respects freedom of speech. Boris Nikolayevich, the essence, not a villain. However, most print media, television, radio, fall under the control of these or other financial groups. You, dear reader, can yourself, if you will, trace where the roots of funding for one of your favorite newspapers, the news block on TV, go – and understand who exactly needs it.
In 1996, thanks to financial influences of Russian oligarchs, American advisors, etc., B. Yeltsin won again in the presidential election. It seems that his opponent, the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Gennady Zyuganov himself is happy about this. Already deeply ill, Boris Nikolaevich pulls the power strap until 1999.
The rating of Russia in the international arena now… in general, we can say, is positive.
In 1999, NATO countries are carrying
