Diabetic Neuropathy. Friedrich A. Gries

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Diabetic Neuropathy - Friedrich A. Gries

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Ulcers: Diagnosis and Management

       Foot Ulcer Classification

       Wound Healing in Diabetes

       Off-Loading

       Dressings

       Management of Infection

       Other Therapies

       Prediction of Outcome

       The Team Approach

       Special Syndromes

       Insulin, Hypoglycemia, and Peripheral Neuropathy

       S.E.M. Eaton and S. Tesfaye

       Introduction

       Hypoglycemic Neuropathy

       Insulin Neuritis (Acute Painful Neuropathy of Rapid Glycemic Control)

       Implications for Diabetic Neuropathy

       Ketosis-Related Neuropathy

       R.A. Malik

       Introduction

       Diabetic Ketoacidosis-Associated Neuropathy

       Models of Ketoacidotic Neuropathy

       Diabetic Acute Motor Neuropathy

       P.A. Low

       Introduction

       Acute or Subacute Distal Motor Neuropathy

       Diabetic Proximal Motor Neuropathy

       Diabetic Motor Mononeuropathies

       Evaluation of Drug Effects

       D. Luft and D. Ziegler

       Introduction

       Classification, Diagnosis, and Staging

       Relevant Outcome Measures in Controlled Clinical Trials

       Problems Related to the Use of Surrogate Variables

       Clinical Measures

       Electrodiagnostic Measures

       Quantitative Sensory Testing

       Morphologic Analysis

       Autonomic Function Tests

       Symptomatic Pain Treatment

       Natural History

       Sample Size and Duration of Trials

       Reproducibility

       Factors Confounding Treatment Effects

       Measures of Relevant Treatment Effects

       Definitions of Clinically Relevant Treatment Effects

       Presentation of Treatment Effects

       Statistical Evaluation of RCTs

       Reporting of RCTs

       Problems of Meta-analysis of Trials for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy

       External Validity of RCT Results

       Conclusions

       References

       6 Socioeconomic Aspects

       W. Rathmann and J. Ward

       Direct Costs of Diabetic Neuropathy

       Costs of Medical Care For Diabetic Neuropathy

       Costs of Medication

       Potential Cost Savings by Prevention of Diabetic Neuropathy

       Methodologic Considerations

       Costs of Foot Ulcer and Lower-Extremity Amputation

       Cost-of-Illness Studies: Data Sources

       Center-Based Studies

       Databases (Health Insurance Companies)

       Hospital-Based Studies

       Further Studies on Costs of Diabetic Foot Complications

       Economic Modeling: Benefits of Prevention

       Cost-Effective Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

       Conclusions

       Indirect Consequences: Disability and Premature Death

       Socioeconomic Status, Diabetic Neuropathy, and Foot Ulcer

       Health-Related Quality of Life and Diabetic Neuropathy

       Quality of Life and Peripheral Neuropathy

       Quality of Life, Foot Ulcer, and Amputation

       Psychological Aspects of Preventive Care

       Burden to the Patient

       References

       7 Recommendations for Structured Care

       F.A. Gries, P.A. Low, and D. Ziegler

       Introduction

       Outpatient Diabetes Care

       Screening and Early Detection of Diabetic Neuropathy

       Outpatient Care of Diabetic Neuropathy

       References

       Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Outpatient Management of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

       AJM Boulton, F.A. Gries and J.A. jervell

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