Machine Designers Reference. J. Marrs

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Surfaces and their Access; Workplace, Floor, Wall and Roof Openings; Stairs and Guardrails SystemsISO 14122 (series)(parts 1 thru 4) Safety of Machinery — Permanent Means of Access to Machinery(relative to working platforms, walkways, access between levels, stairs, ladders and guard-rails, etc.)ANSI Z535.1Safety Color CodeANSI Z535.3Criteria for Safety SymbolsANSI Z535.4Product Safety Signs and LabelsANSI Z535.6Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral MaterialsISO 7000Graphical Symbols for Use on Equipment — Index and SynopsisISO 3864-2Graphical Symbols — Safety Colours and Safety Signs — Part 2: Design Principles for Product Safety LabelsISO 3864-3Graphical Symbols — Safety Colours and Safety Signs — Part 3: Design Principles for Graphical Symbols for Use in Safety SignsISO 17398Safety Colours and Safety Signs — Classification, Performance and Durability of Safety SignsEN 894-1Ergonomics Requirements for the Design of Displays and Control Actuators — GeneralEN 894-2Ergonomics Requirements for the Design of Displays and Control Actuators — DisplaysEN 894-3Ergonomics Requirements for the Design of Displays and Control Actuators — Control ActuatorsCSA -Z431Basic and Safety Principles for Man-Machine Interface, Marking and Identification — Coding Principles for Indication Devices and ActuatorsEN 60204Safety of Machinery — Electrical Equipment of MachinesANSI/NFPA 70U.S. National Electrical CodeANSI/NFPA 70EStandard for Electrical Safety in the WorkplaceANSI/NFPA 79Electrical Standard for Industrial MachineryANSI C1National Electrical CodeUL 987Standard for Stationary and Fixed Electric ToolsUL 745(series)Standard for Portable Electric ToolsUL 1439Test for Sharpness of Edges on EquipmentANSI B11.TR1(technical report) Ergonomic Guidelines for the Design, Installation and Use of Machine ToolsANSI B11.TR3(technical report) Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction — A Guide to Estimate, Evaluate and Reduce Risks Associated with Machine ToolsANSI B11.TR5(technical report) Sound Level Measurement Guidelines — A Guide for Measuring, Evaluating, Documenting and Reporting Sound Levels Emitted by MachineryISO/TR 14121-2(technical report) Safety of Machinery — Risk Assessment — Part 2: Practical Guidance and Examples of MethodsISO/TR 18569(technical report) Safety of machinery — Guidelines for the understanding and Use of safety of machinery standards

      •Type ‘C’ Standards

      ANSI, BSI, CEN, ISO, CSA, ASABE, ASME, SAE, and UL (and others) have developed many hundreds of industry-specific and machine-type-specific machinery safety standards to achieve a basic level of safety. The design of a machine should be in conformance with not only Type ‘A’ and Type ‘B’ standards, but also those standards (if they exist) that apply to that specific machine type. A list of Type ‘C’ standards covering all machine types and all industries is too lengthy to be included in this chapter. It is, therefore, left to the designer to learn the targeted industry and the machine’s intended use so the appropriate Type ‘C’ standards can be obtained and used during the design process.

INTERNET WEB SITES

      In addition to this list of statutes, books, and industry standards, today’s machine designer should also be aware of and take advantage of information available through the Internet. Notable sites include, but are not limited to:

      •OSHA: www.osha.gov helpful link: www.osha.gov/SLTC/machineguarding/index.html helpful link: www.osha.gov/Publications/Mach_SafeGuard/toc.html

      •ANSI (American National Standards Institute):www.ansi.org helpful link: www.osha.gov/SLTC/machineguarding/scope98.html

      •CEN (European Committee for Standardization): www.cen.eu/cen/pages/default.aspx

      •ISO (International Organization for Standardization): www.iso.org/iso/home.html

      •BSI (The British Standards Institution): www.bsigroup.com

      •CSA (Canadian Standards Association): www.csa-international.org/about

      •SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers): www.sae.org helpful link: http://standards.sae.org/commercial-vehicle/safety/standards/current/

      •ASABE (American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers): www.asabe.org helpful link: http://asae.frymulti.com

      •ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers): www.asme.org

      •UL (Underwriters Laboratories): www.ul.com/global/eng/pages

      •National Safety Council: www.nsc.org/Pages/Home.aspx helpful link: www.nsc.org/products_training/Products/Pages/OnlineProductCatalog.aspx

      •CDC - Workplace Safety: http://www.cdc.gov/Workplace helpful link: www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/94-110/ helpful link: www.cdc.gov/niosh/89-106.html

      •Other Helpful Websites www.schmersalusa.com/catalog_pdfs/<http://www. schmersalusa.com/catalog_pdfs GK1_2008.pdf (specifically, the last 65 pages) and www.sti.com/ltr2/access.php?file=pdf/807.pdf

APPLICATION OF LITERATURE TO DESIGN TOPICS

      The list of codes and standards cited in Table 2-7 is not intended to be complete or exhaustive. It

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