Basic Mandarin Chinese - Reading & Writing Textbook. Cornelius C. Kubler

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生 and 王 wáng (6).生shēngbe born, give birth to [V]23中zhōngmiddle, amongRadical is 丨 kŭn “vertical line.” The whole character 中 can serve as a phonetic in other characters, e.g., 忠 zhōng as in 忠于 (忠於) zhōngyú “be loyal to” or 钟 (鐘) zhōng “clock.” 中 is a picture of an arrow that has pierced the “middle” of a square target.台中TáizhōngTaichung (city in central Taiwan) [PW]24小xiăosmall, little, young小 is itself a radical. 小 can also serve as a phonetic, e.g., in 削 xiāo “peel”, in 消 xiāo as in 消息 xiāoxi “news”, and in 少 shăo “few.” The character 小 represents 八 bā “eight” made “smaller” by a vertical line (丨) that divides the character into two parts. Contrast 小 and 六 liù (7).小xiăobe small, little, young [SV]

      Reading Exercises (Simplified and Traditional Characters)

      Now practice reading the new characters and words for this lesson in context. Be sure to refer to the Notes at the end of this lesson, and make use of the accompanying audio disc to hear and practice correct pronunciation, phrasing, and intonation.

       A. TWO-CHARACTER PERSONAL NAMES

      Read out loud the following personal names, each of which consists of a surname followed by a one-syllable given name.

      一、何文

      二、李京

      三、王文

      四、李明

      五、林山

      六、王生

      七、文山

      八、林中

       B. THREE-CHARACTER PERSONAL NAMES

      Read out loud the following personal names, each of which consists of a surname followed by a two-syllable given name.

      一、李大一

      二、林台生

      三、王小文

      四、何明明

      五、王京生

      六、文大中

      七、何小山

      八、李大林

      九、林明生

      十、李小明

       C. PLACE NAMES

      Read out loud each of the following place names.

      一、台山

      二、北京

      三、台中

      四、台北

       D. CHARACTER DIFFERENTIATION DRILLS

      Distinguish carefully the following similar-looking characters, pronouncing each one out loud and thinking of its meaning.

      一、六 六 六 文 文 文

      二、文 文 文 六 六 六

      三、王 王 王 生 生 生

      四、生 生 生 王 王 王

      五、小 小 小 六 六 六

      六、六 六 六 小 小 小

      七、小 小 六 六 文 文

       Notes

      B2. When choosing personal names, Chinese people sometimes choose names that describe some aspect of a person. Consider the name 林台生; the character 台 can stand for Taiwan and 生 means “be born.” Thus, 林台生 could mean “a person with the family name 林 who was born in Taiwan.”

      B5. Look carefully at the name 王京生. Keeping in mind note B2 above and the fact that the literal meaning of the character 京 is “capital” (which refers to 北京), what do you think 王京生 could mean?

      Entrance to the Forbidden City in Beijing. The characters on the left mean “Long live the People’s Republic of China”; the characters on the right mean “Long live the great unity of the world’s peoples.”

      UNIT B

       People, Places, Streets, and Roads

       COMMUNICATIVE OBJECTIVES

      Once you’ve mastered this unit, you’ll be able to use Chinese to read and write:

      1. More Chinese surnames: “An,” “Du,” “Jin,” “Lu,” “Nan.”

      2. More Chinese personal names: “Antian,” “Guanghai,” “Haiwen,” “Xiaochuan,” “Tianhu,” etc.

      3. More place names in mainland China and Taiwan: “Chengdu,” “Guangzhou,” “Hong Kong,” “Nanjing,” “Shanghai,” “Taitung,” “Tainan,” “Tianjin,” “Xian.”

      4. The names of a number of Chinese provinces: “Guangdong,” “Guangxi,” “Hainan,” “Hebei,” “Henan,” “Hubei,” “Hunan,” “Shandong,” “Shanxi,” “Sichuan.”

      5. The names of two important Japanese cities that are written with Chinese characters: “Tokyo,” “Kyoto.”

      6. People’s places of origin: “native of Beijing,” “native of Guangdong,” “native of Taiwan,” etc.

      7. Names of roads, streets, and avenues: “Tianjin East Road,” “Zhongshan South Road,” “Chengdu Street,” “Tianjin Avenue,” etc.

      

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