Practical Cardiovascular Medicine. Elias B. Hanna

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Detre K, Murphy ML, Hultgren H. Effect of coronary bypass surgery on longevity in high and low risk patients. Report from the V.A. Cooperative Coronary Surgery Study. Lancet 1977; 2: 1243–5.

      2 102. Taylor HA, Deumite NJ, Chaitman BR, et al. Asymptomatic left main coronary artery disease in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) registry. Circulation 1989; 79: 1171–9.

      Bypass grafts

      1 103. Motwani JG, Topol EJ. Aortocoronary saphenous vein graft disease: pathogenesis, predisposition, and prevention. Circulation 1998; 97: 916–31.

      2 104. Nwasokwa ON. Coronary artery bypass graft disease. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 528–33.

      3 105. Sabik JF. Understanding saphenous vein graft patency. Circulation 2011; 124: 273–5.

      4 106. Thuesen AL, Riber LP, Veien KT, et al. Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiographically-Guided Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72(22):2732–2743.

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      7 109. Ellis SG, Brener SJ, DeLuca S, et al. Late myocardial ischemic events after saphenous vein graft intervention: importance of initially “nonsignificant” vein graft lesions. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79: 1460–4.

      8 110. Posatti G, Gaudino M, Pratti F, et al. Long-term results of radial artery use for myocardial revascularization. Circulation 2003; 108: 1350–4.

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      10 112. Ruttmann E, Fischler N, Sakic A, et al. Second internal thoracic artery versus radial artery in coronary artery bypass grafting. A long-term, propensity score-matched follow-up study. Circulation 2011; 124: 1321–9

      11 113. Lamy A, Devereaux PJ, Prabhakaran D, et al. Off-pump or on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 30 days. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1489–97.

      12 114. Hannan EL, Wu C, Smith CR, et al. Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: differences in long-term outcomes and in long-term mortality and need for subsequent revascularization. Circulation 2007; 116: 1145–52.

      Coronary spasm

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      2 116. Waters DD. Bouchard A. Theroux P. Spontaneous remission is a frequent outcome of variant angina. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983; 2: 195–9. Excluded those who developed MI, CABG. 45% spontaneous remission with no medication.

      3 117. Ozaki Y, Takatsu F, Osuqi J, et al. Long-term study of recurrent vasospastic angina using coronary angiograms during ergonovine provocation tests. Am Heart J 1992; 123: 1191–8. This study only took patients without CAD; only 38% had recurrence, often (84%) consistent location and ECG.

      4 118. Cipriano PR, Koch FH, Rosenthal SJ, Schroeder JS. Clinical course of patients following the demonstration of coronary artery spasm by angiography. Am Heart J 1981; 101: 127–34. Bad outcome in those with CAD, good if no CAD or receive CABG, but still 3/11 patients without CAD had VT, 1/11 had MI.

      5 119. Takagi Y, Yasuda S, Tsunoda R, et al. Clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of vasospastic angina patients who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: multicenter registry study of the Japanese Coronary Spasm Association. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011; 4: 295–302. 14% had CAD.

      6 120. Aziz A, Hansen HS, Sechtem U, Prescott E,Ong P. Sex-related differences in vasomotor function in patients with angina and unobstructed coronary arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70: 2349–58.

      7 121. Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Borgulya G, et al. Clinical usefulness, angiographic characteristics, and safety evaluation of intracoronary acetylcholine provocation testing among 921 consecutive white patients with unobstructed coronary arteries. Circulation 2014; 129: 1723–1730.

      8 122. Ford TJ, Stanley B, Sidik N, et al. 1-Year Outcomes of Angina Management Guided by Invasive Coronary Function Testing (CorMicA). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020; 13(1):33–45.

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      10 124. Yasue H, Mizuno Y, Harada E, et al. Effects of a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, fluvastatin, on coronary spasm after with- drawal of calcium-channel blockers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 51: 1742–8.

      11 125. Myerburg RJ, Kessler KM, Mallon SM, et al. Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in patients with silent myocardial ischemia due to coronary-artery spasm. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 1451–5.

      12 126. Meisel SR, Mazur A, Chetboun I, et al. Usefulness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in refractory variant angina pectoris complicated by ventricular fibrillation in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Am J Cardiol 2002; 89: 1114–16.

      Microvascular dysfunction

      1 127. Cannon RO. Microvascular angina and the continuing dilemma of chest pain with normal coronary angiograms. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: 877–85.

      2 128. Hasdai D, Gibbons RJ, Holmes DR, et al. Coronary endothelial dysfunction in humans is associated with myocardial perfusion defects. Circulation 1997; 96: 3390–5.

      3 129. Hamasaki S, Al Suwaidi J, Higano ST, et al. Attenuated coronary flow reserve and vascular remodeling in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 1654–60.

      4 130. Lee BK, Lim HS, Fearon WF, et al. Invasive evaluation of patients with angina in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation 2015; 131:1054–1060.

      5 131. Mehta PJ, Goykhman P, Thomson LE, et al. Ranolazine improves angina in women with evidence of myocardial ischemia but no obstructive coronary artery disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 4: 514–22.

      6 132. Lerman A, Burnett JC, Higano ST, et al. Long-term L-arginine supplementation improves small-vessel coronary endothelial function in humans. Circulation 1998; 97: 2123–8.

      7 133. Johnson BD, Shaw LJ, Pepine CJ, et al. Persistent chest pain predicts cardiovascular events in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: results from the NIH-NHLBI-sponsored Women’s Ischaemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 1408–15.

      8 134. Reis SE, Holubkov R, Smith AJC, et al. Coronary microvascular dysfunction is highly prevalent in women with chest pain in the absence of coronary artery disease: results from the NHLBI WISE study. The WISE investigators. Am Heart J 2001; 141: 735–41.

      9 135. Bugiardini R, Manfrini O, Pizzi C, et al. Endothelial function predicts future development of coronary artery disease: a study of women with chest pain and normal coronary angiograms. Circulation 2004; 109: 2518–23.

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