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Bad outcomes of patients with significant CAD who are not revascularized (in addition to reference 25)
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2 86. James SK, Roe MT, Cannon CP, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes intended for non-invasive management: substudy from prospective randomised PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. BMJ 2011; 342: d3527.
Duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after ACS and DES
1 87. Fox KA, Mehta SR, Peters R. Benefits and risks of the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin in patients undergoing surgical revascularization for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: the Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Ischemic Events (CURE) trial. Circulation 2004; 110: 1202–18.
2 88. Mauri L, Kereiakes DJ, Yeh RW, et al.; DAPT Study Investigators. Twelve or 30 months of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stents. N Engl J Med 2014; 371: 2155–66.
3 89. Yeh RW, Secemsky E, Kereiakes DJ, et al. Development and validation of a prediction rule for benefit and harm of dual antiplatelet therapy beyond one year after percutaneous coronary intervention: an analysis from the randomized Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Study. JAMA 2016; 315(16):1735–1749.
4 90. Giustino G, Chieffo A, Palmerini T, et al. Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy after complex PCI. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 68(17): 1851-1864. In this meta-analysis, patients with complex anatomy are still better served with 12 months of DAPT
5 91. Bhatt DL, Flather MD, Hacke W, et al. Patients with prior myocardial infarction, stroke, or symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the CHARISMA trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49: 1982–1988.
6 92. Levin GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA guidelines focused update on duration of antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am coll Cardiol 2016; 68 (10): 1082–1115.
7 93. Naidu SS, Krucoff MW, Rutledge DR, et al. Contemporary incidence and predictors of stent thrombosis and other major adverse cardiac events in the year after Xience V implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2012; 5: 626–35.
8 94. Colombo A, Chieffo A, Frasheri A, et al. Second generation drug-eluting stent implantation followed by 6- versus 12- month dual antiplatelet therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64: 2086–97. SECURITY trial, stable CAD. Similar results were seen in the OPTIMIZE trial (3- versus 12-month of dual antiplatelet therapy).
9 95. Palmerini T, Biondi-Zoccai G, Della Riva D. Stent thrombosis with drug-eluting and bare-metal stents: evidence from a comprehensive network meta-analysis. Lancet 2012; 379: 1393–402. Everolimus-eluting stent is associated with an even lower risk of stent thrombosis than BMS and any other DES.
10 96. Palmerini T, Sangiorgi D, Valgimigli M, et al. Short- versus long-term dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: an individual patient data pairwise and network meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65: 1092–102.
11 97. Valgimigli M, Campo G, Monti M, et al. Short- versus long-term duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting: a randomized multicenter trial. Circulation 2012; 125: 2015–26. PRODIGY trial, 56% MI.
1 to 3 months DAPT after DES:
1 98. Ariotti S, Adamo M, Costa F, et al; ZEUS Investigators. Is bare-metal stent implantation still justifiable in high bleeding risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention? a pre-specified analysis from the ZEUS trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016; 9(5):426–436. In Zeus trial, patients with high bleeding risk received only 1 month of DAPT, whether randomized to BMS or Zotaralimus DES. Most patients had ACS at baseline (~50% MI). DES was associated with less MI and stent thrombosis than BMS.
2 99. Shah R, Rao SV, Latham SB, Kandzari DE, et al. Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents optimized for biocompatibility vs bare-metal stents with a single month of dual antiplatelet therapy: a meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol 2018; 3:1050–1059. Meta-analysis of 3 trials, Zeus, Leaders free, and SENIOR, randomizing patients to BMS vs DES with only one month of DAPT; most patients had ACS at baseline. DES was superior to BMS, with less MI and stent thrombosis.
3 100. Hahn JY, Song YB, Oh JH, et al. Effect of P2Y12 Inhibitor Monotherapy vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The SMART-CHOICE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2019; 321: 2428-2437. Post-DES DAPT duration of 3 months (followed by clopidogrel monotherapy) was as safe as 12 months with less bleeding (27% MI at baseline).
4 101. Watanabe H, Domei T, Morimoto T, et al. Effect of 1-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Followed by Clopidogrel vs 12-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Cardiovascular and Bleeding Events in Patients Receiving PCI: The STOPDAPT-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2019;321:2414-27. Post-DES DAPT duration of 1 month (followed by clopidogrel monotherapy) was as safe as 12 months, with less bleeding (25% MI at baseline).
5 102. Mehran R, Baber U, Sharma SK, et al. Ticagrelor With or Without Aspirin in High-Risk Patients After PCI. N Engl J Med 2019;381:2032-2042.
6 103. Hahn JY, Song YB, Oh JH, et al. 6-month versus 12-month or longer of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a randomized, open label, non-inferiority trial (SMART DATE). Lancet 2018; 391: 1274-1284. In ACS, 6-month DAPT was associated with higher MI than 12-month, but less bleeding and similar mortality.
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8 105. Schulz S, Schuster T, Mehilli J, et al. Stent thrombosis after drug-eluting stent implantation: incidence, timing, and relation to discontinuation of clopidogrel therapy over a 4-year period. Eur Heart J 2009; 30: 2714–21.
Dual antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation
1 106. Sorensen R, Hansen ML, Abildstrom SZ, et al. Risk of bleeding in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with different combinations of aspirin, clopidogrel, and vitamin K antagonists in Denmark: a retrospective analysis of nationwide registry data. Lancet 2009; 374: 1967–74.
2 107. Dewilde WJ, Oirbans T, Verheugt FW, et al. Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 2013; 30; 381: 1107–15. WOEST trial.
3 108. Gibson CM, Mehran R, Bode C, et al. Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. N Engl J Med 2016;375:2423-2434. PIONEER trial
4 109. Cannon CP, Bhatt DL, Olgren J, et al.
