How Cities Learn. Astrid Wood

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      Figure 3.9 Features of BRT Systems in Cape Town and Johannesburg

      Figure 3.10 Rea Vaya high-floor station, Johannesburg

      Figure 3.11 Rea Vaya bus, Johannesburg

      Figure 3.12 Rea Vaya bus lane, Johannesburg

      Figure 3.13 MyCiTi bus lane, Cape Town

      Figure 3.14 Map of the MyCiti, Cape Town

      Figure 3.15 Map of Rea Vaya, Johannesburg

      Figure 3.16 Modal split in South African cities

      Figure 3.17 Public Transport Infrastructure and Systems Grant allocation

      Figure 3.18 BRT in political cartoons

      Figure 4.1 Types of policy actors

      Figure 4.2 BRT policy actors

      Figure 4.3 ‘Who told you about BRT?’

      Figure 4.4 Details of South African municipal BRT-related study tours

      Figure 4.5 Percent of respondents who went on a study tour to Bogotá

      Figure 5.1 Shekilango BRT Station, Dar es Salaam

      Figure 6.1 Horse-drawn tram in Johannesburg

      Figure 6.2 Electric trams in Johannesburg

      Figure 6.3 Knowledge of BRT adoption in South Africa

      Figure 6.4 Exclusive curb lane on city streets

      The RGS-IBG Book Series only publishes work of the highest international standing. Its emphasis is on distinctive new developments in human and physical geography, although it is also open to contributions from cognate disciplines whose interests overlap with those of geographers. The series places strong emphasis on theoretically informed and empirically strong texts. Reflecting the vibrant and diverse theoretical and empirical agendas that characterize the contemporary discipline, contributions are expected to inform, challenge and stimulate the reader. Overall, the RGS-IBG Book Series seeks to promote scholarly publications that leave an intellectual mark and change the way readers think about particular issues, methods or theories.

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      Ruth Craggs, King’s College London, UK

      Chih Yuan Woon, National University of Singapore

       RGS-IBG Book Series Editors

      David Featherstone

       University of Glasgow, UK

       RGS-IBG Book Series Editor (2015–2019)

      This book is the outcome of more than a decade of research and it would be impossible to thank all those whose support has buoyed it.

      To my interviewees in South Africa and those who gave me so many hours of their time, I hope this work provides support to continue improving urban life. This book captures and shares the story of BRT in South Africa, and provides a vital record of post-apartheid transformation. Many of the key figures named in this book have since left government, retired or otherwise moved on to new positions, taking their institutional memory with them. They risked their careers and their lives for a more equitable South Africa. Thank you for your bravery, dedication and candor.

      I am indebted to my mentors at Newcastle University and UCL as well as Cardiff University, Royal Holloway University of London and London School of Economics for their feedback and encouragement. I am eternally grateful to Jenny Robinson and Andrew Harris whose insightful comments provided the roadmap throughout my learning process.

      I am thankful to my friends and colleagues in Newcastle, London, Cape Town, Johannesburg, and around the world who offered feedback on journal articles, book chapters, conference presentations and grant proposals, as well as direction for how to navigate the academic netherworld.

      A special thanks to the series editors Ruth Craggs, David Featherstone and Chih Yuan Woon for their careful engagement with the manuscript.

      I am lucky to have an encouraging husband whose love is my firmest support, children who brighten even the cloudiest of days, and a family that keeps me grounded throughout the many travels we take as academics and individuals.

      I dedicate this work to my late father whose pursuit of social justice imbued me with a similar sense. His anti-apartheid activism, along with so many others, helped make the country of my birth a better place.

      This book is for all those who believe.

      BRT Arrives in South Africa

      From Curitiba and Bogotá to Ahmedabad and Beijing, bus rapid transit (BRT) has promised to be a quick, cost-effective and efficient method of urban transportation that combines the speed and quality of rail transportation with the flexibility of a bus system. BRT is a rubber-tired mode of urban public transportation that combines buses, busways and stations with intelligent transportation systems, operational and financial plans, integrated ticketing, and a branded identity. It has been a dominant feature of urban planning for decades in cities as diverse as Bogotá, Curitiba, Guangzhou, Lima, Los Angeles, Mumbai, and New York, among others. Whereas previous studies have considered the characteristics of BRT (Deng and Nelson 2011; Jarzab et al. 2002; Levinson et al. 2003) or its impact on transportation planning (Ferbrache 2019; Paget-Seekins and Munoz 2016), this book is the first attempt to understand the global proliferation of BRT.

      The

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