Проще говоря, переводчику необходимо передать много разнообразных средств, а передача одного из них мешает передать другое. <…> Тогда переводчику приходится чем-то жертвовать. В этом нет ничего страшного, но при одном условии: все доминирующие в данном тексте языковые средства системны, и <…> [важно] сохранение признака как системного» [2, с. 130].
2 Translation of stylistic devices
2.1 Epithet
Possible means of translation:
Smoke was rising here and there among the creepers that festooned the [32].
Дым курился там и сям среди лиан, увивавших деревья [18].
When the wind reached the mountain-top he could see something happen, a flicker of blue stuff against [32].
Ветер добрался до вершины, и тут что-то случилось, синий сполох пробежался по [18].
Just one step down from the edge of the turf was the white, blown sand of above , warm, dry, trodden [32].
Всего на шаг вниз от неё начинался белый, нанесённый песок, теплый, сухой, гладкий. [18].
Within the of the beach something dark was fumbling along [32].
Из-за на берег выползало чёрное что-то [18].
There were only a few more of and then the two sides of the island came almost together so that one expected a peak of a headland [32].
Впереди было всего несколько , а дальше два берега сходились, и тут бы острову, казалось, окончиться острым мысом [18].
Where the rose out of the ground there were often narrow tracks winding upwards [32].
Там, где вставал прямо из земли, часто тоненько убегала вверх тропинка [18].
Exercises
1 . Find in the given text the words used in metaphorical sense and write out of a dictionary all their meanings. Compose your own sentences using every word in direct and figurative meaning.
It was a bright, beautiful, warm day when our ship spread her canvass to the breeze, and sailed for the regions of the south. Oh, how my heart bounded with delight as I listened to the merry chorus of the sailors, while they hauled at the ropes and got in the anchor! The captain shouted – the men ran to obey – the noble ship bent over to the breeze, and the shore gradually faded from my view, while I stood looking on with a kind of feeling that the whole was a delightful dream.
The first thing that struck me as being different from anything I had yet seen during my short career on the sea, was the hoisting of the anchor on deck, and lashing it firmly down with ropes, as if we had now bid adieu to the land for ever, and would require its services no more.
"There, lass," cried a broad-shouldered jack-tar, giving the fluke of the anchor a hearty slap with his hand after the housing was completed – "there, lass, take a good nap now, for we shan't ask you to kiss the mud again for many a long day to come!"
And so it was. That anchor did not "kiss the mud" for many long days afterwards; and when at last it did, it was for the last time!
2 . Find in the given text epithets and define their types (logical or figurative), their function and appropriateness of their usage in the text.
What a joyful thing it is to awaken, on a fresh glorious morning, and find the rising sun staring into your face with dazzling brilliancy! – to see the birds twittering in the bushes, and to hear the murmuring of a rill, or the soft hissing ripples as they fall upon the sea-shore! At any time and in any place such sights and sounds are most charming, but more especially are they so when one awakens to them, for the fist time, in a novel and romantic situation, with the soft sweet air of a tropical
