36–39.
315
Chronicon Paschale, tr. M. Whitby and M. Whitby (Liverpool, 1989), рр. 161–162; Howard-Johnston, ‘Heraclius’ Persian Campaigns’, р.3; Sarris, Empires of Faith, р. 248.
316
Chronicon Paschale, рр. 158, 164.
317
Howard-Johnston, ‘Heraclius’ Persian Campaigns’, р. 37.
318
Точная дата спорная; R. Altheim-Stiehl, ‘Würde Alexandreia im Juni 619 n. Chr. durch die Perser Erobert?’, Tyche 6 (1991), рр. 3–16.
319
J. Howard-Johnston, ‘The Siege of Constantinople in 626’, in C. Mango and G. Dagron (eds), Constantinople and its Hinterland (Aldershot, 1995), рр. 131–142.
320
Howard-Johnston, ‘Heraclius’ Persian Campaigns’, рр. 23–24; C. Zuckerman, ‘La Petite Augusta et le Turc: Epiphania-Eudocie sur les monnaies d’Héraclius’, Revue Numismatique 150 (1995), рр. 113–126.
321
См. N. Oikonomides, ‘Correspondence between Heraclius and Kavadh-Siroe in the Paschal Chronicle (628)’, Byzantion 41 (1971), рр. 269–281.
322
Sebeos, Armenian History, 40, рр. 86–87; Theophanes, The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor: Byzantine and Near Eastern History, AD 284–813, tr. C. Mango and R. Scott (Oxford, 1997), рр. 455–456.
323
Chronicon Paschale, рр. 166–167; Sebeos, Armenian History, 38, рр. 79–81.
324
G. Dagron and V. Déroche, ‘Juifs et chrétiens en Orient byzantin’, Travaux et Mémoires 11 (1994), р. 28ff.
325
Cameron and Hoyland, Doctrine and Debate, рр. xxi – xxii.
326
Письмо епископа Персии, Synodicon orientale, рр. 584–585.
327
Theophanes, Chronicle, р. 459; Mango, ‘Deux études sur Byzance et la Perse sassanide’, Travaux et Mémoires 9 (1985), р. 117.
328
B. Dols, ‘Plague in Early Islamic History’, Journal of the American Oriental Society 94.3 (1974), р. 376; Р. Sarris, ‘The Justinianic Plague: Origins and Effects’, Continuity and Change 17.2 (2002), р. 171.
329
Bowersock, Throne of Adulis, рр. 106–133. Также G. Lüling, Die Wiederentdeckung des Propheten Muhammad: eine Kritik am ‘christlichen’ Abendland (Erlangen, 1981).
330
C. Robin, ‘Arabia and Ethiopia’, in S. Johnson (ed.), Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2012), р. 302.
331
Qurʾān, 96.1, ed. and tr. N. Dawood, The Koran: With a Parallel Translation of the Arabic Text (London, 2014).
332
Ibn Hisham, Sīrat rasūl Allāh, tr. A. Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh (Oxford, 1955), р. 106; Qurʾān, 81.23, р. 586.
333
См. H. Motzki, ‘The Collection of the Qur’ān: A Reconsideration of Western Views in Light of Recent Methodological Developments’, Der Islam 78 (2001), рр. 1–34, а также A. Neuwirth, N. Sinai and M. Marx (eds), The Qurʼān in Context: Historical and Literary Investigations into the Qurʼānic Milieu (Leiden, 2010).
334
Qurʾān, 18.56, р. 299.
335
Qurʾān, 16.98–9, рр. 277.
336
Например, Qurʾān, 2.165; 2.197; 2.211.
337
См., главным образом, F. Donner, Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginnings of Islamic Historical Writing (Princeton, 1998). Также, например, T. Holland, In the Shadow of the Sword: The Battle for Global Empire and the End of the Ancient World (London, 2012).
338
E. El Badawi, The Qurʾān and the Aramaic Gospel Traditions (London, 2013).
339
Р. Crone, Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam (Princeton, 1977); а также R. Serjeant, ‘Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam: Misconceptions and Flawed Polemics’, Journal of the American Oriental Society 110.3 (1990), рр. 472–473.
340
C. Robinson, ‘The Rise of Islam’, in M. Cook et al. (eds), The New Cambridge History of Islam, 6 vols (Cambridge, 2010), рр. 180–181; M. Kister, ‘The Struggle against Musaylima and the Conquest of Yamāma’, Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 27 (2002), рр. 1–56.
341
G. Heck, ‘“Arabia without Spices”: An Alternative Hypothesis: The Issue of “Makkan Trade and the Rise of Islam”’, Journal of the American Oriental Society 123.3 (2003), рр. 547–576; J. Schiettecatte and C. Robin, L’Arabie à la veille de l’Islam: un bilan clinique (Paris, 2009).
342
Р. Crone, ‘Quraysh and the Roman Army: Making
