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36 Mimaki, Y., Kawashima, K., Kanmoto, T., and Sashida, Y. (1993). Steroidal glycosides from Allium albopilosum and A. ostrowskianum. Phytochemistry 34: 799–805.
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2.10 Aloe Species
2.10.1 Ethnopharmacological Properties and Phytochemistry
The plant Aloe vera (Fam. – Liliaceae) is used in Ayurvedic, homoeopathic, and allopathic systems of medicine and not only in tribal community but also by most of the people for food and medicine (Grindlay and Reynolds 1986; Mothana and Linclequist 2005). The plant leaves contain numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars, and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, antifungal, antiseptic, and cosmetic values for health care (Lawrence et al. 2009; Kumar et al. 2017a; Jain et al. 2011; Kametani et al. 2007; Botes et al. 2008; Joshi 1997; Tudose et al. 2009). The Aloe plant species possessed strong antimalarial activity (Oumer et al. 2014; Deressa et al. 2010; Bbosa et al. 2013; van Zyl and Viljoen 2002; Ndhlala et al. 2009). This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. Its external use in cosmetics primarily includes as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne, and gives a youthful glow to skin; it also acts as an extremely powerful laxative (West and Zhu 2003) and has potential chronic toxicity (Matsuda et al. 2008).
Several phytochemicals aloesin, 2′-O-feruloylaloesin, aloeresin A, barbaloin, isobarbaloin, aloenin, aloe emodin, 8-C-glucosyl-7-O-methyl-(S)-aloesol, isoaloeresin D, and aloeresin E (which are phenolic constituents of aloe) were isolated from Aloe barbadensis, Aloe arborescens, A. vera var. chinensis, Aloe marlothii, and Aloe striata (Okamura et al. 1996a,b). The grasslike and scandent aloes accumulate flavonoids in co-occurrence with the anthrone isomers aloin A and aloin B from Aloe boylei (Choi and Chung 2003; Surjushe et al. 2008; Lindsey et al. 2002). Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Aloe megalacantha and Aloe turkanensis showed the presence of several compounds, viz 1,8-dimethoxynepodinol, aloesaponarin III, 10-O-methylchrysalodin, methyl-26-O-feruloyl-oxyhexacosanate and chrysalodin, 10-(chrysophanol-7′-yl)-10-hydroxychrysophanol-9-anthrone, 7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylcoumarin, chrysophanol, helminthosporin, aloe emodin, aloesaponarin II, aloesaponarin I, aloesaponol
