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List of Tables
1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Overview of welding processes. Source: Welding Handbook [3], vol 1,...Table 1.2 Ionization potentials for gases involved in arc welding.
2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Thermal properties of some common materials.
3 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Effect of nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen on weld soundness.Table 5.2 Protection techniques in fusion welding processes.Table 5.3 Free energy of reactions involving nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen.Table 5.4 Effect of oxygen/acetylene ratio on the weld metal composition and ...
4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Typical thermal treatments for stress relieving of weldments.
5 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Easy growth directions.
6 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Compositions of base metal A35 steel, filler metal 309 L and resul...Table 11.2 Cr and Ni equivalents of the bulk weld metal of the weld shown in ...Table 11.3 Compositions of base metal 309 stainless steel, filler metal ER70 ...Table 11.4 Cr and Ni equivalents of the bulk weld metal of the weld shown in ...
7 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Nominal composition of P91 steel.Table 12.2 Compositions of P91 steel welds with high and low Al contents.
8 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Guide to the choice of filler metals for minimizing solidification...
9 Chapter 16Table 16.1 Compositions of workpiece and filler wires in wt% (balance: Al) us...Table 16.2 Weld‐metal dilution levels and compositions in wt% (balance: Al).Table 16.3 Weld‐metal dilutions and compositions (in wt%) in circular‐patch w...
10 Chapter 17Table 17.1 Compositions of aluminum alloys.Table 17.2 Compositions of heat treatable nickel‐base superalloys.Table 17.3 Nominal composition of wrought stainless steels.
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 The size of the heat source and its effect on welding.Figure 1.2 Heating of and hence damage to workpiece vs. power density of hea...Figure 1.3 Variation of weld strength with heat input per unit length of wel...Figure 1.4 Comparisons between welding processes: (a) angular distortion; (b...Figure 1.5 Five basic types of weld joint designs.Figure 1.6 Typical weld joint variations.Figure 1.7 Four welding positions.Figure 1.8 Oxyacetylene welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area enlar...Figure 1.9 Three types of flames in oxyacetylene welding [4].Figure 1.10 Chemical reactions and temperature distribution in a neutral oxy...Figure 1.11 Shielded metal arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding are...Figure 1.12 Gas–tungsten arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area ...Figure 1.13 Three different polarities in GTAW.Figure 1.14 Surface cleaning action in GTAW with DC electrode positive.Figure 1.15 Plasma arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area enlarg...Figure 1.16 Comparison between a gas–tungsten arc and a plasma arc [5].Figure 1.17 A plasma arc weld made in 13‐mm‐thick 304 stainless steel with k...Figure 1.18 Gas–metal arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area enl...Figure 1.19 Gas–metal arc welds in 6.4‐mm‐thick 5083 aluminum made with argo...Figure 1.20 Metal transfer during GMAW of steel with Ar–2% O2 shielding: (a)...Figure 1.21 Flux‐cored arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area en...Figure 1.22 Sensitivity of gaseous shield of molten metal to wind or draft....Figure 1.23 Submerged arc welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area enl...Figure 1.24 Electroslag welding: (a) overall process; (b) welding area enlar...Figure 1.25 Transverse cross section of electroslag weld in 70‐mm‐thick stee...Figure 1.26 Electron beam welding: (a) process; (b) keyhole.Figure 1.27 Dispersion of electron beam at various ambient pressures [1]....Figure 1.28 Welds in 13‐mm‐thick 2219 aluminum: (a) electron beam weld; (b) ...Figure 1.29 Missed joints in electron beam welds in 150‐mm‐thick steels: (a)...Figure 1.30 Laser beam welding with solid‐state laser: (a) process; (b) ener...Figure 1.31 Keyhole laser‐beam welding: (a) process; (b) CO2‐laser weld in 1...Figure 1.32 Weld penetration in GMAW and laser‐assisted GMAW using CO2 laser...Figure 1.33 Resistance spot welding: (a) overview; (b) resistance to electri...Figure 1.34 Resistance spot welding of dissimilar metals with highly differe...Figure 1.35 Friction stir butt welding: (a) tool (b) photo of tool; (c) butt...Figure 1.36 Stir zone (dynamically recrystallized zone) and HAZ (thermally a...Figure 1.37 Friction stir lap or spot welding: (a) plunging rotating tool in...Figure 1.38 Schematic illustration of rotary friction welding: (a) first pie...Figure 1.39 Linear friction welding in which a stationary member is forced a...Figure 1.40 Schematic illustration of solid‐state joining by making one memb...Figure 1.41 Diffusion welding between an upper piece and a lower piece showi...
