of Alexandria (d. 265), bishop and Father of the Church, mainly known to us through Eusebius, which see.
Dionysius (Denys), the Carthusian (ca. 1402-71), monk and theologian, author of numerous works ranging from mystical writings to ecclesiological treatises and exegetical commentaries on the Bible.
Dodechinus (end of twelfth century to beginning of thirteenth century), continuator of Marianus Scotus’s chronicle.
Domitian (Titus Flavius Domitianus) (51-96), Roman emperor and a fierce persecutor of the Christians.
Driedo, John (ca. 1480-1535), theologian at the University of Louvain and author of, among other works, De gratia et libero arbitrio, De libertate Christiana, and De ecclesiasticis scripturis et dogmatibus.
Duns Scotus, John (ca. 1265-1308), Scottish-born Franciscan theologian who taught in England, France, and Germany. His philosophy departed from Aristotelianism in important points and embraced many Augustinian elements.
Durand, Guillaume (Durandus) (ca. 1235-96), bishop of Mende and author of numerous theological, liturgical, and juridical works, including the Rationale divinorum officiorum and the Speculum iudiciale.
Durandus of St. Pourçain (Durandus de Sancto Porciano) (ca. 1270-1334), Dominican theologian of Nominalist tendencies and author of De origine iurisdictionis, a treatise supporting the plenitudo potestatis of the pope.
Einhard (ca. 775-840), courtier and historian whose works include a biography of Charlemagne.
Epiphanius of Salamis (d. ca. 403), bishop and author of many theological and apologetic works against the heresies of his time, in particular Panarion (“cabinet of medicine”), a multivolume catalog of about eighty heresies.
Eucherius (d. ca. 449), saint and theologian; author of various homilies and theological works.
Eunomius (fourth century), disciple of Aetius and founder of Eunomianism, a heretical sect that shared many tenets with Arianism.
Eusebius (ca. 260-340), bishop of Caesarea, a historian, and a prolific commentator on the Bible. His best-known works, which Bellarmine refers to often, are De vita Constantini, Historia ecclesiastica (translated into Latin by Rufinus), and the Chronicle, partially translated into Latin by Jerome.
Eustathius of Sebaste (fourth century), monk involved in the Arian and semi-Arian debates.
Eutyches (fifth century), heresiarch after whom is named the Euthychian or Monophysite heresy. This heresy rejected Nestorianism’s insistence on Christ’s double person and held that Christ’s human nature was incorporated by his divine nature so as to almost disappear.
Evagrius (d. after 594), called “Scholasticus” to distinguish him from Evagrius Ponticus, a fourth-century author of important ascetical works. He wrote a Historia ecclesiastica, which was intended as a continuation of Eusebius’s Historia.
Faber Runcinus, Johannes (Jean Faure) (d. ca. 1340), jurist and author of a series of commentaries on Justinian’s Institutiones and of a Breviarium on Justinian’s Code.
Felino Maria Sandeo (Felinus) (ca. 1444-1503), professor of canon law in Ferrara and Pisa and author of a series of commentaries on the Liber extra (cf. Raymond of Peñafort).
Fitzralph, Richard (Armachanus) (ca. 1295-1360), archbishop of Armagh and author of Summa in quaestionibus Armenorum, a treatise against Greek and Armenian doctrines, and of De pauperie salvatoris, on poverty.
Gaguin, Robert (ca. 1433-1501), French humanist and historian of France.
Galen (second century), Greek physician and natural philosopher.
Gambari, Pietro Andrea (Gambarinus) (1480-1528), professor of canon law in Bologna and author of several juridical treatises.
Gaudentius (end of fourth century to beginning of fifth century), Donatist bishop of Thamugada.
Gelasius I (d. 496), pope and saint, prolific author whose letters are frequently referred to by Bellarmine.
Gellius, Aulus (second century), Roman author of the multivolume Noctes Atticae, an eclectic collection of anecdotes and miscellaneous information.
Génebrard, Gilbert (1535-97), Benedictine monk and professor of Hebrew in Paris who first opposed, then endorsed, the accession of Henri of Navarre to the throne of France. He was the author of numerous works of ecclesiology and exegesis, including an edition of the works of Origen.
Gennadius (late sixth century), Roman nobleman who was appointed prefect of the African province of the Roman empire by Emperor Mauritius and who was one of Gregory I’s correspondents.
Gentile, Giovanni Valentino (1520-66), Italian humanist who propagated antitrinitarian doctrines in central and eastern Europe. He was executed in Berne.
Geoffrey of Viterbo (ca. 1120-96), member of the court of Emperor Henry VI and author of historical works and a Speculum regum, dedicated to Henry and his father, Frederick.
Gerson, Jean (1363-1429), theologian and chancellor of the University of Paris. He was a supporter of the conciliarist theory at the Council of Constance and is the author of De potestate Ecclesiae, De unitate Ecclesiae, De vita spirituali animae, and other works.
Giles of Rome (Aegidius Romanus) (Egidio Colonna) (ca. 1247-1316), Augustinian monk, general of Augustinian Order (1292-95), and professor of theology at Paris. He was closely linked to Pope Boniface VIII, who conferred on him the title of archbishop of Bourges and whose political and theological positions Giles defended in De regimine principum and De ecclesiastica potestate, which became a key reference for the following debates on papal authority.
Giovanni of Anagni (d. ca. 1457), professor of canon law in Bologna and author of influential commentaries on the Decretales.
Glycas, Michael (twelfth century), Byzantine historian who wrote a chronicle from the creation to the death of Emperor Alexius Comnenus.
Gratian (ca. 359-83), Roman emperor.
Gratian (d. before 1150), jurist from Bologna and author of a compilation of texts known as the Concordia discordantium canonum, or Decretum Gratiani, which constitutes the bulk of canon law.
Gregory I (Gregory the Great) (ca. 540-604), pope from 590 onward, was extremely influential in asserting the religious, political, and social power of the Church after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. He was instrumental in converting the king of the Lombards. He was the author of many commentaries on the Bible, especially the much cited Moralia on the Book of Job, and of an equally well-known treatise on the duties of bishops, De cura pastorali or Liber regulae pastoralis.
Gregory VII (Hildebrand of Soana) (ca. 1020-85), pope from 1073 and protagonist in the investiture controversy against Emperor Henry IV. He was also the supposed author of the Dictatus papae (1075), a series of propositions that strongly assert the preeminence of the pope both within the Church and with respect to the political authority, and of numerous epistles.
Gregory of Nazianzus (ca. 325-89), saint and Doctor of the Church. His works include several orations which Bellarmine quotes often, as well as poetic works.
Gregory of Tours (ca. 538-ca.
