giaûm v. to decrease, to reduce, to diminish [opp. taêng]
giaûm bôùt v. to reduce, to discount
giaûm khinh v. to lighten [burden, punishment] [opp. gia troïng]
giaûm thieåu v. to decrease, to reduce, to lessen
giaûm thoï v. to shorten life
gian 1 adj. [opp. ngay] dishonest, deceitful, fraudulent, cheating, tricky, crooked: boïn gian villains; aên gian to cheat 2 n. apartment, compartment, room, house; R interval (= khoaûng), space: khoâng gian space
gian aùc adj. dishonest and wicked
gian daâm adj. adulterous
gian doái adj. tricky, deceitful, false
gian giaûo adj. cheating, shifty
gian haøng n. stall, stand
gian hieåm adj. crafty, artful, wily, sneaky, treacherous
gian huøng n. scoundrel
gian khoå adj., n. hard; hardship, adversity
gian lao adj., n. hard; hardship, adversity
gian laän v. to trick, to cheat [at an exam]
gian nan adj. difficult, laborious, troubled, hard
gian nguy adj. dangerous
gian nònh n. wily flatterer
gian phi n. malefactor, evildoer
gian phu n. adulterer
gian phuï n. adulteress, loose woman
gian taëc n. brigand, bandit
gian tham adj. covetous, dishonest, greedy
gian thaàn n. traitor [among mandarins]
gian traù adj. cheating, false, crooked
gian truaân n. adversity, trial
giaùn n. cockroach
giaùn ñieäp n. spy [CL teân, tay]; espionage
giaùn ñoaïn v. to interrupt
giaùn hoaëc adv. in case
giaùn thu adj. [taxes] indirect [as opp. to tröïc thu direct]
giaùn tieáp adv., adj. indirectly; indi- rect: thueá giaùn tieáp indirect tax
giaøn giuïa adj. bathed in tears
giaûn dò adj. simple, easy
giaûn dò hoùa v. to simplify
giaûn ñoà n. diagram
giaûn ñôn adj. simple, uncomplicated
giaûn löôïc n. summary, brief, abstract, synopsis
giaûn minh v. to be concise
giaûn tieän adj. practical, convenient
giaûn öôùc v. to be concise, simple, compact
giaûn yeáu adj. essential, elementary, concise
giaõn v. to slacken, to become dis-tended, to stretch [opp. co]
giang 1 n. R [large] river (= soâ ng); R in names of rivers: Cöûu long giang the Mekong River 2 n. a kind of bamboo with tough fibers used to make ropes
giang bieân n. river bank, riverside
giang hoà adj., n. errant; adventure: khaùch giang hoà adventurer
giang khaåu n. mouth of a river
giang sôn n. rivers and mountains; country, fatherland; burden of responsibility in family
giaùng 1 v. R to demote, to lower; to descend 2 v. to give a hiding
giaùng caáp v. to demote
giaùng chöùc v. to demote
giaùng haï v. to descend
giaùng sinh v. to be born: leã (Thieân Chuùa) Giaùng Sinh Christmas
giaùng theá v. to come into the world
giaûng v. to explain, to teach, to preach: giaûng giaûi to explain
giaûng daïy v. to teach
giaûng ñaïo v. to preach a religion
giaûng ñeà n. topic, subject [of lecture]
giaûng ñöôøng n. amphitheater, lecture room, auditorium
giaûng giaûi v. to explain, to expound
giaûng hoaø v. to make peace
giaûng khoa n. subject, course of study
giaûng kinh v. to comment on the classics
giaûng luaän v. to dissert, to expound
giaûng nghóa v. to explain, to interpret
giaûng nghieäm tröôûng n. senior assistant [in laboratory, university]
giaûng nghieäm vieân n. assistant [in laboratory, university]
giaûng sö n. assistant professor [in university] Cf.
giaùo sö, giaûng vieân giaûng taäp v. to teach, to drill
giaûng vieân n. lecturer
gianh n. (= tranh) thatch
giaønh 1 v. to secure, to win: giaønh ñöôïc giaûi nhaát to win the first prize 2 n. basket [for fruit]
giaønh giaät v. to scramble for, to dispute
giao v. to entrust [cho to], to deliver [object, merchandise]; to assign
giao caáu v. to have sexual intercourse
giao chieán v. to be engaged in fighting
giao dòch v. to trade, to communicate
giao du v. to contact frequently with, to be friends with, to accompany
giao ñieåm n. point of intersection
giao haûo v. to have a good relation, to contact someone friendly; to have amicable relations with
giao heïn v. to agree; to promise
