Inflammation and Collateral Damage
Septic Shock: The Dark Side of the Innate Defenses
Other Innate Defenses of the Body—Nutritional Immunity
CHAPTER 4 The Adaptive Defenses: Antibodies and Cytotoxic T Cells
The Specialists: Adapting to a Particular Pathogen Challenge
B Cells: Producers of Antibodies
The Humoral (Antibody) Immune Response
Characteristics of Antibodies and Their Diverse Roles in Preventing Infection
Secretory Antibodies: Antibodies That Protect Mucosal Surfaces
Pathogen and Toxin Neutralization by Antibodies
Cytotoxic T Cells, Also Known as Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs)
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes: Critical Defense against Intracellular Pathogens
Antigen Presentation to the Immune System
Processing of Protein Antigens by Dendritic Cells
Interaction between APCs and T Cells: The T-Cell-Dependent Response
Th-(Th1/Th2/Th17)-Cell-Mediated Immunity
Production of Antibodies by B Cells
Links between the Innate and Adaptive Defense Systems
T-Cell-Independent Antibody Responses
Mucosal Immunity: IgA/sIgA Antibodies
Development of the Adaptive Immune System from Infancy to Adulthood
Adaptive Defense Systems in Nonmammals
The Dark Side of the Adaptive Defenses: Autoimmune Disease
Solving Problems in Bacterial Pathogenesis
CHAPTER 5 The Microbiota of the Human Body: Microbiomes and Beyond
Importance of the Normal Resident Microbial Populations (Microbiota) of the Human Body
Characterization of the Body’s Microbiota
Taking a Microbial Census by Using Microbial rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis
Characterizing Microbiomes by Using Metagenomic Analysis
Overview of the Human Microbiota
Microbiota of the Small Intestine and Colon
Microbiota of the Vaginal Tract
The Other Microbiota: The Forgotten Eukaryotes
Solving Problems in Bacterial Pathogenesis
