S.K. (1968). Medicinal Plant (India – Land and Land People Series). New Delhi: National Book Trust.28 Jalalpure, S.S., Patil, M.B., Pai, A. et al. (2004). Antidiabetic activity of Cassia auriculata seeds in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Nig. J. Nat. Prod. Med. 8: 22–23.
29 Kalaiyarasia, C., Karthikaa, K., and Ragupathia, G. (2015). Anticonvulsant and anxiolyic activities of ethyl acetate fraction of Cassia fistula Linn. pods in mice. Pharmacogn. Commun. 5: 76–82.
30 Kapoor, L.D. (2000). Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants: Herbal Reference Library. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
31 Kashiwada, Y., Toshika, K., Chen, R. et al. (1996). Tannins and related compounds. XCIII. Occurrence of enantiomeric proanthocyanidins in the Leguminosae plants, Cassia fistula L.; Cassia Javanica L. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38: 888–893.
32 Khan, N.A. and Srivastava, A. (2009). Antifungal activity of bioactive triterpenoid saponin from the seeds of Cassia angustifolia. Nat. Prod. Res. 23: 1128–1133.
33 Khan, M.R., Kihira, M., and Omoloso, A.D. (2001). Antimicrobial activity of Cassia alata. Fitoterapia 75: 561–564.
34 Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1975a). Indian Medicinal Plants, vol. III, 856. Allahabad: Lalit Mohan Basu.
35 Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1975b). Indian Medicinal Plants, vol. II. Vivek Vihar, Delhi: Periodical Experts D-42.
36 Kolar, F.R., Gogi, C.L., Khudavand, M.M. et al. (2018). Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of some Cassia species. Nat. Prod. Res. 32: 1324–1328.
37 Kumar, G.S. (1984). Trees of Nigeria, 2e. Paris: IC Publishing Company.
38 Laghari, A.Q., Memon, S., Nelofar, A., and Laghari, A.H. (2011). Extraction, Identification and antioxidative properties of the flavonoid-rich fractions from leaves and flowers of Cassia angustifolia. Am. J. Anal. Chem. 2: 871–878.
39 Liu, A., Xu, L., Zou, Z., and Yang, S. (2009). Studies on chemical constituents from leaves of Cassia alata. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 34: 861–863.
40 Lohar, D.L., Chawan, D.D., and Garg, S.P. (1975). Phytochemical studies on Cassia species of Indian arid zone. Curr. Sci. 44: 67.
41 Luximon-Ramma, A., Bahorun, T., Soobrattee, M.A., and Aruoma, O.I. (2002). Antioxidant activities of phenolic, proanthocyanidin, and flavonoid components in extracts of Cassia fistula. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 50: 5042–5047.
42 Maitya, T.K., Mandal, S.C., Mukherjee, P.K. et al. (1997). Evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of Cassia tora leaf extract. Prod. Sci. 3: 122–127.
43 Maitya, T.K., Mandal, S.C., Saha, B.P., and Pal, M. (1998). Evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of Cassia tora leaf extract. Prod. Sci. 4: 226–234.
44 Manikandaselvi, S., Vadivel, V., and Brindha, P. (2016). Review on nutraceutical potential of Cassia occidentalis L. – an Indian traditional medicinal and food plant. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 37: 141–146.
45 Mehta, J.P. (2012). Separation and characterization of anthraquinone derivatives from Cassia fistula using chromatographic and spectral techniques. Int. J. Chem. Sci. 10: 306–316.
46 Memelink, J., Kijne, J.W., van der Heijden, R., and Verpoorte, R. (2001). Genetic modification of plant secondary metabolite pathways using transcriptional regulators. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 72: 103–125.
47 Mitra, P., Ghosh, T., Gupta, S. et al. (2016). Isolation and characterization of a compound from the leaves of Cassia alata Linn. EC Chem. 2: 138–144.
48 Mohammed, M.M.D., El-Souda, S.S., El-Hallouty, S.M., and Kobayashi, N. (2013). Antiviral and cytotoxic activities of anthraquinones isolated from Cassia roxburghii Linn. leaves. Herba Pol. 59: 33–44.
49 Morimoto, S., Nonaka, G., and Chen, R. (1988). Tannins and related compounds. LXI. Isolation and structures of novel bi- and triflavonoids from the leaves of Cassia fistula L. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 36: 39–47.
50 Morita, H., Oshimi, S., Hirasawa, Y. et al. (2007). Cassiarins A and B, novel antiplasmodial alkaloids from Cassia siamea. Org. Lett. 9: 3691–3693.
51 Moriyama, H., Iizuka, T., Nagai, M. et al. (2003). Antiinflammatory activity of heat-treated Cassia alata leaf extract and its flavonoid glycoside. Yakugaku Zasshi 123: 607–611.
52 Morton, J.J.P. and Malone, M.H. (1972). Evaluation of vulneray activity by an open wound procedure in rats. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 196: 117–126.
53 Mupangwa, J.F., Acamonic, T., Topps, J.H. et al. (2000). Content of soluble and bound condensed tannins of three tropical herbaceous forage legumes. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 83: 139–144.
54 Nadkarni, R.M. (1954). Indian Materia Medica, vol. 1. Mumbai: Popular Book Depot.
55 Nandani, D., Verma, R.N., and Batra, A. (2013). Isolation and identification of quercetin and emodin from Cassia tora L. Ann. Phytomed. 2: 96–104.
56 Narayanan, V. and Seshadri, T.R. (1972). Proanthocyanidins of Cassia fistula. Indian J. Chem. 10: 379–381.
57 Neergheen, V. and Bahorun, T. (2002). Optimisation of growth and polyphenolic production in Cassia fistula callus cultures. Asian J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Environ. Sci. 4: 181–185.
58 Oshimi, S., Tomizawa, Y., Hirasawa, Y. et al. (2008). Chrobisiamone A, a new bischromone from Cassia siamea and a biomimetic transformation of 5-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-2-methylchromone into cassiarin A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18: 3761–3763.
59 Palanichamy, S. and Nagarajan, S. (1990). Analgesic activity of Cassia alata leaf extract and kaempferol 3-osophoroside. J. Ethnopharmacol. 29: 73–78.
60 Palanichamy, S., Nagarajan, S., and Devasagayam, M. (1988). Effect of Cassia alata leaf extract on hyperglycemic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 22: 81–90.
61 Pereira, R.M., Ferreira-Silva, G.Á., Pivatto, M. et al. (2016). Alkaloids derived from flowers of Senna spectabilis, (−)-cassine and (−)-spectaline, have antiproliferative activity on HepG2 cells for inducing cell cycle arrest in G1/S transition through ERK inactivation and downregulation of cyclin D1 expression. Toxicol. In Vitro 31: 86–92.
62 Pieme, C.A., Penlap, V.N., Nkegoum, B. et al. (2006). Evaluation of acute and subacute toxicities of aqueous ethanolic extract of leaves of Senna alata (L.) Roxb (Ceasalpiniaceae). Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5: 283–289.
63 Pivatto, M., Baccini, L.R., Sharma, A. et al. (2014). Antimalarial activity of piperidine alkaloids from Senna spectabilis and semisynthetic derivatives. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 25: 1900–1906.
64 Putaluna, W., Pimmeuangkaoa, S., De-Eknamkulb, W. et al. (2006). Sennosides A and B production by hairy roots of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. Z. Naturforsch. 61C: 367–371.
65 Raghunathan, K., Hariharan, V., and Rangaswami, S. (1974). Chrysophanol-1-β-gentiobioside, a new anthraquinone glycoside from Cassia tora Linn. Indian J. Chem. 12: 1251–1253.
66 Rajni, Gautam, S.S., and Navneet (2014). Antibacterial and phytochemical analysis of Cassia occidentalis L. seeds against respiratory tract pathogens. Indian J. Nat. Prod. Resour. 5: 52–55.
67 Reezal, L., Somchit, M.N., and Abdul, R.M. (2002). In vitro antifungal properties of Cassia alata (Gelenggang Besar). In: Proceedings of the Regional Symposium on Environment and Natural Resources, vol. 1, 654–659.
