surface visible. A hippomane (arrow...Figure 107.2 Placenta with the allantoic surface visible.Figure 107.3 Close‐up showing the difference in thickness between the “pregn...Figure 107.4 Equine placenta in which the entire “non‐pregnant” horn (upper ...Figure 107.5 Cervical star area of the chorionic surface.Figure 107.6 Allantoic pouches from an equine placenta.Figure 107.7 Amnionic plaques from an equine placenta.Figure 107.8 Twisted umbilical cord from an aborted fetus.Figure 107.9 An ossified yolk sac remnant (arrow) from an equine placenta.Figure 107.10 Infected region of the chorionic surface in a mare with ascend...Figure 107.11 Placenta inflated with water.93 Chapter 108Figure 108.1 Most of the chorioallantois can be delivered from the uterus wi...Figure 108.2 ‘Burns technique’ – pumping water into the allantoic cavity of ...Figure 108.3 Stallion catheter, hose connector (sweeper nozzle), and hose fl...Figure 108.4 Assembled hose connector, hose flow control valve, and hose.Figure 108.5 A small incision is made into an umbilical vein or artery using...Figure 108.6 A stallion catheter is threaded up the umbilical vessel until r...Figure 108.7 Water is slowly infused into the umbilical vessel using the flo...Figure 108.8 Plastic jug containing approximately 1 liter of water attached ...Figure 108.9 Placenta laid out in an “F” shape demonstrating that both uteri...Figure 108.10 Chorioallantois in which the entire non‐pregnant horn had been...Figure 108.11 Allantoic surface of the placenta. Matching vessels on the all...
94 Chapter 110Figure 110.1 Uterine prolapse.Figure 110.2 Elevation of a prolapsed uterus with a thick plastic garbage ba...
95 Chapter 111Figure 111.1 End of a Buhner needle with Buhner tape threaded through the ey...Figure 111.2 Buhner needle exited through dorsal incision, threaded, and abo...Figure 111.3 Buhner needle exited through same dorsal incision, threaded, an...Figure 111.4 Buhner tape tied ventral to the vulva.
96 Chapter 113Figure 113.1 Mare positioned in front of a phantom across a teasing wall to ...Figure 113.2 Stallion teasing an estral mare in stocks in close approximatio...Figure 113.3 Estral mare in hobbles positioned on the opposite side of a pha...Figure 113.4 Placement of an artificial vagina on the glans penis to stimula...Figure 113.5 Stallion mounted on a phantom with an extra person pushing the ...
97 Chapter 114Figure 114.1 Adapter cap, collection bottle (center), baby bottle liner (bel...Figure 114.2 Components put together and attached to the cone end of a Misso...Figure 114.3 Fully assembled Missouri artificial vagina.Figure 114.4 White dressing tape on the bottle and liner.Figure 114.5 Massage of the glans penis through the rubber cone to enhance s...
98 Chapter 115Figure 115.1 Colorado model artificial vagina and collection cover.Figure 115.2 Assembly stand with a Colorado model artificial vagina after in...Figure 115.3 Insertion of the latex liner into the artificial vagina case; n...Figure 115.4 Collection bottle attached to the latex liner.Figure 115.5 Collection bottle attached to a disposable collection liner wit...
99 Chapter 116Figure 116.1 Roanoke artificial vagina with a rubber liner. Note the large r...Figure 116.2 Hand position for holding the Roanoke artificial vagina during ...Figure 116.3 Roanoke artificial vagina with a disposable liner and collectio...
100 Chapter 117Figure 117.1 Hannover artificial vagina assembled with an inner disposable l...Figure 117.2 Hannover artificial vagina assembled with only an inner rubber ...
101 Chapter 118Figure 118.1 Teaser stallion wearing a leather apron during a test jump.
102 Chapter 119Figure 119.1 Washing a stallion’s penis with warm water and gloved hands to ...Figure 119.2 Hand position to stimulate the stallion’s penis. One hand is cu...Figure 119.3 Proper body position for standing semen collection. A Roanoke m...Figure 119.4 Stallion thrusting into a Roanoke model artificial vagina. A ha...
103 Chapter 120Figure 120.1 An open‐ended artificial vagina prior to semen collection.Figure 120.2 Attempting to place a disposable cup against the open end of th...
104 Chapter 121Figure 121.1 Crushing imipramine tablets prior to oral administration.Figure 121.2 Collection of chemically ejaculated semen using a pole and atta...Figure 121.3 Collection of chemically ejaculated semen using a collection cu...
105 Chapter 122Figure 122.1 Tail wrap prior to live cover or semen collection.Figure 122.2 Washing the perineum of a mare prior to live cover or semen col...Figure 122.3 Mare prepared for natural cover, with protective boots on the r...
106 Chapter 123Figure 123.1 The penis is cleaned from the base towards the glans using wate...Figure 123.2 The penis is dried from the glans toward the base using disposa...Figure 123.3 The penis is washed/rinsed using a disposable cup.Figure 123.4 Manual stimulation with one hand cupped over the glans penis an...Figure 123.5 Stallion kicking in response to washing of the penis with warm ...
107 Chapter 124Figure 124.1 Stallion rearing in response to being stopped on the way to the...Figure 124.2 Stallion kicking in response to washing of the penis with warm ...
108 Chapter 125Figure 125.1 Allowing the mare to express natural receptive behavior, especi...
109 Chapter 126Figure 126.1 Preferred full side and rear video views for evaluating ejacula...
110 Chapter 127Figure 127.1 The 590B Densimeter model with a dispensing bottle of formalin‐...Figure 127.2 The 590B and 591B Densimeter models.Figure 127.3 Minitube photometer. The arrow is pointing at the tray that the...Figure 127.4 Minitube Photometer SDM 1 microcuvette. Semen is loaded into th...Figure 127.5 Minitube Photometer SDM 1 microcuvette showing the cuvette prop...
111 Chapter 128Figure 128.1 Thrombo‐TIC® kit used to achieve a 1:100 dilution: prefill...Figure 128.2 Hemocytometer being filled with a mechanical pipette.Figure 128.3 Central hemocytometer grid. All spermatozoa within the 25 mediu...
112 Chapter 129Figure 129.1 Semen dilution chart for the NucleoCounter®. The most comm...Figure 129.2 How to dilute stallion semen according to dilution factor (DF) ...Figure 129.3 Loading the SP1 cassette with sperm diluted in the lysis/diluti...Figure 129.4 Placing the loaded SP1 cassette into the NucleoCounter®.Figure 129.5 Display of sperm concentration on the NucleoCounter®.
113 Chapter 130Figure 130.1 Light microscope with slide warmer.
114 Chapter 131Figure 131.1 Screen image from the monitor of a Hamilton‐Thorne® CASA m...Figure 131.2 Screen image from the monitor of a MiniTube SpermVision® C...Figure 131.3 Spermatozoal motility measurements as assessed by CASA. Centroi...
115 Chapter 132Figure 132.1 A drop of eosin‐nigrosin stain is placed on a slide with a drop...Figure 132.2 The end of an additional slide is dipped into the two drops. Th...Figure 132.3 The upward slide may be dipped into a semen drop placed behind ...Figure 132.4 The upward slide is then laid into the line of stain and pushed...Figure 132.5 The upward slide may be lifted and placed ahead of the mixed st...Figure 132.6 Stallion spermatozoa with a bent midpiece (thin arrow) and prox...Figure 132.7 Stallion spermatozoa. Note the detached head (large arrow) and ...
116 Chapter 133Figure 133.1 (a) Stallion sperm consists of a head, neck, and tail. The tail...Figure 133.2 (a–d) The appearance of the knobbed acrosome defect varies from...Figure 133.3 (a) The distal midpiece reflex is a common defect that appears ...
117 Chapter 134Figure 134.1 Total number of sperm (mean ± 95% confidence intervals) in the ...
118 Chapter 135Figure 135.1 Measurement of total scrotal width using calipers.Figure 135.2 Measurement of testicular width using ultrasonography.Figure 135.3 Ultrasound image of a testis showing measurement of testicular ...Figure 135.4 Relationship between testicular volume and daily sperm output i...
119 Chapter 136Figure 136.1 Stallion spermatozoa with a normal spermatozoon (medium arrow),...Figure
