The Law of Nations. Emer de Vattel
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326. Means suggested by the law of nature, for terminating their disputes:—amicable accommodation,
330. Conferences and congresses,
331. Distinction to be made between evident and doubtful cases,
332. Essential rights, and those of less importance,
333. How we acquire a right of recurring to force in a doubtful case,
334. and even without attempting other measures,
335. Voluntary law of nations on that subject,
336. Equitable conditions to be offered,
337. Possessor’s right in doubtful cases,
338. How reparation of an injury is to be sought,
340. Various modes of punishing, without having recourse to arms,
343. What is required to render them lawful,
344. Upon what effects reprisals are made,
345. The state is bound to compensate those who suffer by reprisals,
346. The sovereign alone can order reprisals,
347. Reprisals against a nation for actions of her subjects, and in favour of the injured subjects,
348. but not in favour of foreigners,
349. Those who have given cause for reprisals are bound to indemnify those who suffer by them,
350. What may be deemed a refusal to do justice,
351. Subjects arrested by way of reprisals,
352. Our right against those who oppose reprisals,
353. Just reprisals do not afford a just cause for war,
354. How we ought to confine ourselves to reprisals, or at length proceed to hostilities, <xlii>
CHAPTER I Of War,—its different Kinds,—and the Right of making War.
4. It belongs only to the sovereign power,
5. Defensive and offensive war,
8. Obligation of the citizens or subjects,
9. Enlisting or raising of troops,
10. Whether there be any exemptions from carrying arms,
11. Soldiers’ pay and quarters,
14. Rule to be observed in their enlistment,
15. Enlisting in foreign countries,
19. Subordinate powers in war,