Familien versus babylonische Familien: Die Namengebung in Uruk, die Degradierung der Kulte von Eanna und der Aufstieg des Gottes Anu. Altorientalische Forschungen, 31, pp. 237–262.16 Kose, A. (1998). Uruk: Architektur IV: Von der Seleukiden‐ bis zur Sasanidenzeit. Mainz: von Zabern.
17 Lenzen, H. (1958). Der Ningischzida‐Tempel in Qd, Qe, XIV 5, XV 1. In J. Schmidt (ed.), XIV: Vorläufiger Bericht über die von dem Deutschen Archäologischen Institut und der Deutschen Orient‐Gesellschaft aus Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungegemeinschaft unternommenen Ausgrabung in Uruk‐Warka. Berlin: Mann, pp. 15–17.
18 Oelsner, J. (2007). Das zweite Regierungsjahr des Xerxes (484/3 v. Chr.) in Babylonien. Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, 97, pp. 289–303.
19 Ossendrijver, M. (2012). Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts. Berlin: Springer.
20 Pedersén, O. (1998). Archives and Libraries in the Ancient Near East 1500–300 B.C. Bethesda: University Press of Maryland.
21 Pedersén, O. (2005). Archive und Bibliotheken in Babylon: Die Tontafeln der Grabung Robert Koldeweys 1899–1917, Abhandlungen der Deutschen Orient‐Gesellschaft 25. Saarbrücken: Saarbrücker‐Verlag.
22 Peirce, L., Wunsch, C. (2014). Documents of Judean Exiles and West Semites in Babylonia in the Collection of David Sofer. CUSAS 28. Bethesda: CDL Press.
23 Pirngruber, R. (2012). The Impact of Empire on Market Prices in Babylon in the Late Achaemenid and Seleucid periods, ca. 400–140 B.C. PhD Dissertation. VU Amsterdam.
24 Pirngruber, R. (2020). Minor Archives from First‐Millennium BCE Babylonia: The Archive of Iššar‐Tar.bi from Sippar. Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 72, 165‐198.
25 Popova, O. (2018.).ètude d’une archive d’une famille de notables de la ville d’Ur du VIe au IVe siècle av. J.‐C. : l’archive des Gallābu. PhD thesis, Sorbonne, Paris.
26 Schaudig, H.P. (2009). The Colophon of the Sippar text of the “Weidner Chronicle”. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires, 15.
27 Stolper, M.W. (1985). Entrepreneurs and Empire: The Murašû Archive, the Murašû Firm, and Persian Rule in Babylonia, Uitgaven van het Nederlands historisch‐archaeologisch instituut te Istanbul 54. Istanbul: Nederlands historisch‐archaeologisch instituut te Istanbul.
28 Stolper, M.W. (1990). Late Achaemenid legal texts from Uruk and Larsa. Baghdader Mitteilungen, 21, pp. 559–622.
29 Stolper, M.W. (1992). Late Achaemenid texts from Dilbat. Iraq, 54, pp. 119–139.
30 Tavernier, J. (2007). Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non‐Iranian Texts, Orientalia Lovanensia Analecta 158. Leuven: Peeters.
31 Tolini, G. (2011). La Babylonie et l’Iran: Les relations d’une province avec le coeur de l’empire achéménide (539–331 avant notre ère). Doctoral thesis. Université Paris I.
32 Van Driel, G. (1998). The Eanna archive. Bibliotheca Orientalis, 55, 59–79.
33 Waerzeggers, C. (2003/2004). The Babylonian revolts against Xerxes and the ‘end of archives’. Archiv für Orientforschung, 50, pp. 150–173.
34 Waerzeggers, C. (2010). The Ezida Temple of Borsippa, Priesthood, Cult, Archives, Achaemenid History 15. Leiden: Nederlands instituut voor het nabije oosten.
35 Waerzeggers, C (forthcoming). Return to Babylon: Migration and Social Mobility in Babylonia from Nebuchadnezzar II to Xerxes, Orientalia Lovanensia Analecta. Leuven: Peeters.
36 Waerzeggers, C., Seire, M. (eds) (2018). Xerxes and Babylonia: The Cuneiform Evidence (Orientalia Lovanensia Analecta 277). Leuven: Peeters.
FURTHER READING
1 Tolini, G. (2011). La Babylonie et l’Iran: Les relations d’une province avec le coeur de l’empire achéménide (539–331 avant notre ère). Doctoral thesis. Université Paris I.
2 Jursa, M. (2005b). Neo‐Babylonian Legal and Administrative Documents: Typology, Contents and Archives, Guides to the Mesopotamian Textual Record 1. Münster: Ugarit‐Verlag. Provides a comprehensive listing of archives and an introduction to the typology of the sources, including document formats, etc.
3 Clancier, P. (2009). Les bibliothèques en Babylonie dans la deuxième moitié du 1er millénaire av. J.‐C., Alter Orient und Altes Testament 363. Münster: Ugarit‐Verlag. A study of Late Babylonian libraries.
4 Jursa, M., with contributions by J. Hackl, B. Jankovic, K. Kleber, E.E. Payne, C. Waerzeggers and M. Weszeli (2010). Aspects of the Economic History of Babylonia in the First Millennium B.C.: Economic Geography, Economic Mentalities, Agriculture, the Use of Money and the Problem of Economic Growth, Alter Orient und Altes Testament 377. Münster: Ugarit‐Verlag. A synthesis of the economic history of the Neo‐Babylonian and Early Achaemenid period, with a comprehensive discussion of socioeconomic strata and roles.
5 Waerzeggers, C. (2010). The Ezida Temple of Borsippa, Priesthood, Cult, Archives, Achaemenid History 15. Leiden: Nederlands instituut voor het nabije oosten. A synthetic study of the priesthood of the city of Borsippa based on the rich and interlocking private archives from this city, also a magisterial demonstration of the methodology to be employed for the investigation of Babylonian archival material in its historical context.
6 Waerzeggers, C., Seire, M. (eds) (2018). Xerxes and Babylonia: The Cuneiform Evidence (Orientalia Lovanensia Analecta 277). Leuven: Peeters. A collective volunme discussing the profound impact of the Persian reprisals against Babylonian cities after their rebellion against Persian rule early in the reign of Xerxes.
NOTES
1 1 The interpretation of the events of 484 BCE and the “end‐of‐archives” phenomenon have been widely discussed (bibliographical references in Henkelman et al. 2011: pp. 452–453), but the material basis of the evidence as presented by the key studies of Waerzeggers 2003/2004 (with Oelsner 2007) and Kessler 2004 remains firm. Some of the recent statements on the subject underrate the incisiveness of the institutional changes that occurred in or after 484 BCE. See now Waerzeggers and Seire 2018.
2 2 In the sense that the bulk of the tablets dates to the Early Achaemenid period. There are a few other groups that include Early Achaemenid tablets, but the majority of the texts of these archives are Neo‐Babylonian.
3 3 Also the tablets found by the Austrian expedition to Borsippa remain unpublished.
4 4 A temple northeast of Eanna was destroyed by fire and not restored at this time (a text dated to the reign of Darius gives a terminus post quem for the destruction): Kose (1998: p. 10) and Lenzen (1958: p. 15 note 24).
5 5 On the assumption that the library texts are contemporaneous with the Sîn‐ilī archive that was found with it. They might conceivably also belong with the small group of Late Achaemenid tablets excavated in the temple (Pedersén 2005: p. 231): only publication
