Marker Genes from Chloroplast DNA
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Insect Resistance
B. thuringiensis Insecticidal Toxin
Increasing Expression of the B. thuringiensis Protoxin
Other Strategies for Protecting Plants against Insects
Preventing the Development of B. thuringiensis-Resistant Insects
Targeting Aphids
Virus Resistance
Viral Coat Protein-Mediated Protection
Protection by Expression of Other Genes
Herbicide Resistance
Fungus and Bacterium Resistance
Salt and Drought Stress
Fruit Ripening and Flower Wilting
Modification of Plant Nutritional Content
Amino Acids
Lipids
Vitamins
Iron
Gluten
Modification of Food Plant Taste and Appearance
Preventing Discoloration
Starch
Plants as Bioreactors
Antibodies
Poly(3-hydroxybutyric Acid)
Eddible Vaccines
Plant Yield
Altering Lignin Content
Increasing Oxygen Content
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Transgenic Mice: Methodology
DNA Microinjection Method
Retroviral Vector Method
Engineered Embryonic Stem Cell Method
Conditional Gene Inactivation with the Cre–loxP Recombination System
Genome Editing with the CRISPR-Cas System
Gene Knockdown by RNA Interference
Transgenic Mice: Applications
Transgenic Disease Models: Alzheimer Disease
Transgenic Mice as Test Systems
Control of Transgene Expression
Conditional Control of Cell Death
Transgenic Livestock
Cloning Livestock by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Production of Pharmaceuticals
Production of Donor Organs
Disease Resistant Livestock
Improving Milk Quality
Improving Animal Production Traits
Transgenic Poultry
Transgenic Fish
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
REVIEW QUESTIONS
13 Molecular Biotechnology and Society
Development of Guidelines for Recombinant DNA Research
Deliberate Release of Genetically Modified Microorganisms
Environmental Concerns
Regulations
Regulation of Genetically Modified Foods
Food Ingredients Produced by Genetically Engineered Microorganisms
Genetically Modified Crops
Genetically Engineered Livestock
Societal Concerns About Genetically Modified Foods
Alteration of Nutritional Content of Food
Potential for Introducing Toxins or Allergens into Food
Potential for Transferring Transgenes from Food to Humans or Intestinal Microorganisms
Controversy About the Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods
Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Biodiversity
Who Benefits from Production of Genetically Modified Foods?
Environmental Benefits of Genetically Modified Crops
How do Views about Genetically Engineered Organisms Impact Trade?
Regulation and Safety of Medical Products of Biotechnology
New Biological Drugs
Genetic and Genomic Testing
Economic Issues
Patenting Biotechnology
Patenting
